ReviewBiology2025
Unraveling Melasma: From Epidermal Pigmentation to Microenvironmental Dysregulation.
Review in Biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07722351 (Instrumental Assessment of a Homocysteic Acid-containing Chemical Skin Biostimulator in the Management of Photoaged Mature Skin), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Instrumental Assessment of a Homocysteic Acid-containing Chemical Skin Biostimulator in the Management of Photoaged Mature Skin
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bionic intelligent responsive barbed microneedles synergistically remodel the microenvironment for the treatment of refractory pigmentation disorders (melasma).Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Instrumental Assessment of a Chemical Skin Biostimulator Combining Ammonium Trichloroacetate and Homocysteic Acid in Photoaged Mature Skin: A Single-Arm Prospective Study.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- Estrogen Promotes Melanogenesis Through Facilitating M2 Macrophage Skewing in Melasma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- AI-assisted quantitative analysis for evaluating melanin distribution in 3D pigmented epidermis-on-a-chip models.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Clinical Effects and Safety of Radiofrequency Microneedling for the Management of Melasma: A Retrospective Study.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2026Article
- Review
- The Efficacy and Safety of Radiofrequency Microneedling for Melasma: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Evidence Synthesis.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Melasma is a chronic, acquired hyperpigmentation disease that occurs on light-exposed skin, especially in women of childbearing age. This common dyschromic disorder significantly impairs quality of life, yet treatments are unsatisfactory due to an incomplete understanding of its etiology. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial: ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, sex hormone fluctuations, and familial genetics are known triggers. Meanwhile, the persistence of focal hyperpigmentation suggests additional mechanisms beyond enhanced melanocyte activity. Emerging evidence highlights that melasma skin exhibits features of chronic photoaging: solar elastosis, basement membrane (BM) disruption and increased vascularity can be seen in the skin lesions. Senescent dermal fibroblasts under UV stress secrete melanogenic cytokines (e.g., SCF, HGF) that further stimulate melanocytes. In addition, melasma lesions harbor subclinical inflammation: infiltrates of CD4
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.