Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41154636›Full record

ReviewBiomolecules2025

Advancing CAR-T Therapy for Solid Tumors: From Barriers to Clinical Progress.

Sergei Smirnov, Yuriy Zaritsky, Sergey Silonov, Anastasia Gavrilova, Alexander Fonin

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomolecules, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  6. Article
  7. In Vivo CAR-T Therapies-A New Era of Programmable Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Sergei SmirnovInstitute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-6456-6295
Yuriy ZaritskyInstitute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
Sergey SilonovInstitute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.ORCID 0000-0001-8714-6659
Anastasia GavrilovaInstitute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-5957-0708
Alexander FoninInstitute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.ORCID 0000-0003-4469-2531

Funding

Grant of the Russian Science Foundation (RSF) 25-75-20023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Therapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells has revolutionized the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, their application in solid tumors remains a formidable challenge due to obstacles such as the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, tumor heterogeneity, and limited T cell persistence. Although second- and third-generation CAR-T cells have shown restricted efficacy in clinical trials, next-generation strategies-including cytokine-armored CAR-T cells (e.g., IL-15, IL-7/CCL19), logic-gated systems, and localized delivery approaches-demonstrate promising potential to overcome these limitations. This review examines the major barriers impeding CAR-T cell efficacy in solid tumors, evaluates clinical outcomes from conventional CAR constructs, and highlights innovative strategies being tested in recent clinical trials. Key advances discussed include the use of dominant-negative receptors (e.g., TGFβRII) to combat immunosuppression and the co-expression of bispecific T cell engagers (BiTEs) to address antigen escape.

Indexed as

Immunotherapy, AdoptiveNeoplasmsReceptors, Chimeric AntigenT-LymphocytesAnimalsHumansReceptors, Antigen, T-CellTumor MicroenvironmentReceptors, Antigen, T-CellReceptors, Chimeric AntigenCAR-Tcellsclinicalefficacy nextgenerationimmunotherapysolidT-cellstumor

Identifiers

PMID41154636
PMCPMC12564482

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.