ArticleBrain sciences2025
Clomipramine Induced Oxidative Stress and Morphological Alterations in the Prefrontal Cortex and Limbic System of Neonatal Rats.
Article in Brain sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Although clomipramine (CLO) is widely used as a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, its subchronic administration during the early stages of brain development leads to depressive-like behaviors in adulthood. High doses of CLO have been linked to mitochondrial impairment and increased reactive oxygen species in cells and adult animals. It is unknown whether subchronic administration of this drug at early ages can induce oxidative stress (OS) in adulthood. The objective of this study was to evaluate OS and cellular damage in the prefrontal cortex and limbic system (hippocampus and amygdala) of rats exposed to CLO neonatally.
methodsForty male Wistar rats were divided into experimental (EXP) and control (CTRL) groups. The EXP animals received CLO (15 mg/kg, twice daily, subcutaneously, postnatal days 5-35); the CTRL animals received saline. At 55 and 85 days of age, the brains were collected for biochemical assays and histological analysis.
resultsRats exposed to neonatal CLO presented significant reductions in reduced glutathione (GSH) and increases in oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and malondialdehyde in both studied regions, especially on day 85. The GSH/GSSG ratio decreased, indicating persistent OS. Histology revealed neuronal degeneration, pyknotic nuclei, cell shrinkage, and disorganized tissue, which progressed from days 55 to 85.
conclusionsEarly exposure to CLO can cause long-lasting neurochemical and structural alterations in the brain regions associated with the regulation of emotions and some behavioral responses that can persist over time and affect behavior in adulthood.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.