ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Forensic Odontology in the Digital Era: A Narrative Review of Current Methods and Emerging Trends.
Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multi-view deep fusion for forensic dental age estimation in tomographic imaging.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Article
- Forensic Age Estimation Using Tooth Eruption Status in Children: A Correlative Study With Chronological Age.Cureus · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesForensic dental determination plays a central role in human identification, age estimation, and trauma analysis in medico-legal contexts. Traditional approaches-including clinical examination, odontometric analysis, and radiographic comparison-remain essential but are constrained by examiner subjectivity, population variability, and reduced applicability in fragmented or degraded remains. Recent advances in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), three-dimensional surface scanning, intraoral imaging, and artificial intelligence (AI) offer promising opportunities to enhance accuracy, reproducibility, and integration with multidisciplinary forensic evidence. The aim of this review is to synthesize conventional and emerging approaches in forensic odontology, critically evaluate their strengths and limitations, and highlight areas requiring validation.
methodsA structured literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2015 and 2025. Search terms combined forensic odontology, dental identification, CBCT, 3D scanning, intraoral imaging, and AI methodologies. From 108 records identified, 81 peer-reviewed articles met eligibility criteria and were included for analysis.
resultsDigital methods such as CBCT, 3D scanning, and intraoral imaging demonstrated improved diagnostic consistency compared with conventional techniques. AI-driven tools-including automated age and sex estimation, bite mark analysis, and restorative pattern recognition-showed potential to enhance objectivity and efficiency, particularly in disaster victim identification. Persistent challenges include methodological heterogeneity, limited dataset diversity, ethical concerns, and issues of legal admissibility.
conclusionsDigital and AI-based approaches should complement, not replace, the expertise of forensic odontologists. Standardization, validation across diverse populations, ethical safeguards, and supportive legal frameworks are necessary to ensure global reliability and medico-legal applicability.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.