ArticleBehavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2025
The Relationship Between Extra-Administrative Workload, Emotional Exhaustion, and Work Engagement of Primary and Secondary School Teachers: Based on Multilevel Linear Model Analysis.
Article in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The changes in primary and secondary school teachers' mental health level according to SCL-90 and its economic dissection-a meta-analysis with evidence from China.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Who pays more for early starts? Early-morning time pressure, sleep-related states, and role-contingent work engagement among Chinese university teachers.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Primary and secondary school teachers in China bear a substantial additional administrative workload. However, no quantitative study has examined the effects of this workload on teachers. Drawing on the Job Demands-Resources model and Conservation of Resources theory, we examined the relationship between extra-administrative workload (school level), emotional exhaustion (personal level), and work engagement (personal level) by administering questionnaires and estimating a multilevel linear model. A total of 318 teachers from 51 primary and secondary schools participated in the study. The results indicated that (a) school-level extra-administrative workload significantly and positively predicted teachers' emotional exhaustion, and (b) emotional exhaustion, in turn, significantly and positively predicted teachers' work engagement. These findings provide an empirical basis for school management and policy formulation in primary and secondary education and offer practical guidance for promoting teachers' mental health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.