Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41153146›Full record

ArticleBehavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Science Teachers' Perceptions and Cognitive Structures About Skill-Based Questions.

Nail İlhan, Sultan Şan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Nail İlhanFaculty of Education, Inonu University, Battalgazi 44280, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0003-3231-4197
Sultan ŞanGraduate School of Education, Inonu University, Battalgazi 44000, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0001-8164-7073

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The study investigates how Turkish science teachers view and understand skill-based questions (SBQs). SBQs aim to assess higher-order cognitive skills, such as critical thinking and problem-solving, in line with global standards like PISA and TIMSS. The data collected via the Word Association Test (WAT) revealed teachers' conceptual frameworks and attitudes toward SBQs. The most frequently associated terms were 'cognitive based' and 'culturally context consistency'. Teachers expressed mixed perceptions, with concerns about SBQs' alignment with international standards, literacy, validity, and the stress they impose on students. Statistical analyses showed that teachers' cognitive structures lack integration, indicating confusion and limited understanding. The findings highlight the need for enhanced teacher training, clearer guidelines and addressing the gaps between policy and practice. This study contributes to educational assessment reforms by emphasizing the importance of supporting teachers in using SBQs effectively.

Indexed as

cognitive structureseducational assessmentskill-based questionsteacher perceptionsword association test

Identifiers

PMID41153146
PMCPMC12561311

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.