ArticleBMJ open ophthalmology2025
No evidence of a causal relationship between negative emotions and glaucoma: evidence triangulation from genetic correlation, Mendelian randomisation and colocalisation.
Article in BMJ open ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Research progress on glaucoma complicated with anxiety and depression.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- A Qualitative Study of Factors Affecting Medication Adherence in Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeObservational studies suggest that anxiety and depression disorders have significant correlation, but these results may have been influenced by confounding factors, and negative emotions that do not meet the criteria for clinical mental disease diagnosis are more common, the evidence for this association is unclear. This study employed whole-genome linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), Mendelian randomisation (MR), Bayesian colocalisation (colocalisation) to explore association between common negative emotions and glaucoma.
designBidirectional genetic associations between negative emotion and glaucoma.
participantsData from UK Biobank and FinnGen R10.
methodsMR, whole-genome LDSC, Bayesian colocalisation.
main outcome measuresGenetic causal associations between negative emotion and glaucoma.
resultAt Bonferroni-corrected levels of significance, there was no genetic correlation, causal association or shared genetic mechanism between any negative emotions and glaucoma, except for depression, which showed a genetic link but no causal evidence.
conclusionsDepression, anxiety and eight other common negative emotions may not be causally associated with glaucoma and there may be no genetic correlation between them.
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Registered trials
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