Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41150718›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025

Shifting power asymmetries in scientific teams reveal China's rising leadership in global science.

Renli Wu, Christopher Esposito, James Evans

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Shifting power asymmetries in scientific teams reveal China's rising leadership in global science.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Renli Wu *School of Information Management, Wuhan University, Hubei 430072, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2370-6236
Christopher Esposito *Knowledge Lab, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.ORCID 0000-0001-7473-8313
James EvansKnowledge Lab, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.ORCID 0000-0001-9838-0707

Funding

National Science Foundation (NSF) 2241237National Science Foundation (NSF) 2404109
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

China's emergence as one of the world's top producers of high-quality science raises critical questions about its trajectory toward achieving scientific leadership. Traditional methods for evaluating the power of national scientific ecosystems, however, often overlook the nuances of a country's global influence. In this perspective, we introduce a framework that highlights shifting power dynamics in international scientific collaborations, focusing on whether leadership positions in international scientific teams are moving from one country to another. Using rich sociological data from nearly 6 million scientific publications, we document a marked shift in team leadership from Western countries to China. In particular, the share of team leaders involved in U.S-China scientific collaborations that were affiliated with Chinese institutions grew from 30% of the total in 2010 to 45% in 2023. We further explore the implications of China's rise by forecasting when Chinese scientists are projected to achieve parity in leadership

Indexed as

LeadershipResearch PersonnelScienceChinaCooperative BehaviorHumansInternational CooperationUnited Statescollaborationdevelopmentgeopoliticsscientific leadership

Identifiers

PMID41150718
PMCPMC12595475

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.