Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41150201›Full record

ArticleToxins2025

Ganglioside Binding Assay: A Complementary Approach for Enhanced Tetanus Toxoid Quality Control.

Yuki Tanoue, Chie Shitada, Mariko Nakamichi, Naomi Nakamichi, Chiyomi Sakamoto, Hyun Kim, Kohsuke Kumeda, Masaki Ochiai, Susumu Yamaori, Mitsutoshi Senoh and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Toxins, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yuki TanoueToxin and Biologicals Research Laboratory, Kumamoto Health Science University, 325, Izumi-machi, Kita-ku, Kumamoto 861-5533, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-4179-8640
Chie ShitadaToxin and Biologicals Research Laboratory, Kumamoto Health Science University, 325, Izumi-machi, Kita-ku, Kumamoto 861-5533, Japan.
Mariko NakamichiKM Biologics Co., Ltd., 1-6-1, Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
Naomi NakamichiKM Biologics Co., Ltd., 1-6-1, Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
Chiyomi SakamotoToxin and Biologicals Research Laboratory, Kumamoto Health Science University, 325, Izumi-machi, Kita-ku, Kumamoto 861-5533, Japan.
Hyun KimDepartment of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1, Gakuen, Musashimurayama-shi 208-0011, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-7439-5231
Kohsuke KumedaKM Biologics Co., Ltd., 1-6-1, Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
Masaki OchiaiCenter for Quality Management Systems, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1, Gakuen, Musashimurayama-shi 208-0011, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0009-0009-9760-775X
Susumu YamaoriKM Biologics Co., Ltd., 1-6-1, Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
Mitsutoshi SenohDepartment of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1, Gakuen, Musashimurayama-shi 208-0011, Tokyo, Japan.
Motohide TakahashiToxin and Biologicals Research Laboratory, Kumamoto Health Science University, 325, Izumi-machi, Kita-ku, Kumamoto 861-5533, Japan.ORCID 0009-0000-8404-4913

Funding

Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development JP23fk0108649Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development JP24fk0108649
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vaccine quality control has long relied on animal testing, which involves time, cost, and ethical constraints. This study introduces a ganglioside binding (GB) assay as a complementary in vitro screening tool for tetanus toxoid quality control, which was validated in a single-laboratory environment as a foundational proof-of-concept. The assay reproduces tetanus toxin binding to gangliosides on microplates using simplified procedures. Validation with samples at different inactivation stages showed excellent linearity (0.0002-0.0156 Lf/mL), reproducibility, and a strong correlation with Ramon's flocculation (R

Indexed as

GangliosidesTetanus ToxinTetanus ToxoidAnimalsQuality ControlReproducibility of ResultsGangliosidesTetanus ToxinTetanus Toxoidganglioside binding assaymanufacturing controlquality control testtetanus toxintetanus toxoid

Identifiers

PMID41150201
PMCPMC12568033

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.