ReviewJournal of functional biomaterials2025
Bioengineered In Situ-Forming Hydrogels as Smart Drug Delivery Systems for Postoperative Breast Cancer Immunotherapy: From Material Innovation to Clinical Translation.
Review in Journal of functional biomaterials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Localized Hydrogel-Based Therapeutics: A Strategic Approach to Mitigating Postoperative Recurrence in Breast Cancer.Polymers · 2026Review
- Review
- Guided immunotherapy for residual solid tumor: integrating platelets and CAR T cells to reduce post-surgical recurrence.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Functional hydrogel biomaterials for urological diagnosis and treatment-design strategies and application progress: a review.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2026Review
- Lactic Acid-Loaded Hydrogels for Post-Episiotomy Wound Healing: Microenvironment Engineering and Regenerative Strategies-A Narrative Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Advances in Drug Delivery Systems for Breast Cancer: From Microenvironment Barriers and Smart Carriers to Clinical Translation Strategies.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Biocompatible Stimuli-Sensitive Natural Hydrogels: Recent Advances in Biomedical Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Local recurrence after breast cancer surgery presents a critical challenge, demanding novel local immunotherapies capable of eliminating residual disease while avoiding systemic toxicity. In situ-forming hydrogels, functionalized with bioactive cargoes, represent a promising platform for precise spatiotemporal drug delivery directly into the post-resection tumor microenvironment. This review comprehensively examines the core design principles governing these advanced materials, highlighting their biocompatibility, stimuli-responsive behavior, tunable mechanics for conforming to surgical cavity, and capacity for multifunctional integration. A key mechanism discussed is how this controlled release profile orchestrates a temporal progression from innate immune activation to robust adaptive immunity. Despite significant promise, translational success faces substantial hurdles, including efficacy validation, scalable manufacturing, regulatory pathway definition, and the lack of predictive biomarkers. Future research priorities include optimizing drug/antigen release kinetics, establishing standardized characterization methods for complex biohybrid systems, and designing adaptive clinical trials incorporating detailed immunomonitoring. By integrating functional biomaterials with immuno-oncology, in situ-forming hydrogels offer a paradigm-shifting approach for postoperative cancer treatment. This review provides a strategic roadmap to accelerate their translation from bench to bedside.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.