ArticleBiosensors2025
Feasibility of IMU-Based Wearable Sonification: Toward Personalized, Real-Time Gait Monitoring and Rehabilitation.
Article in Biosensors, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Gait analysis methods in people with spinal cord injury: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- Wearable Technologies for Gait Instability Rehabilitation: Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Future Directions.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Sensor-Based Movement Quality Assessment and Biofeedback for Rehabilitation Exercise: A Scoping Review with Implications for Home-Based and Remote Rehabilitation.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Visual-Inertial Fusion Framework for Isolating Seated Human-Body Vibration in Dynamic Vehicular Environments.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effects of delay and amplification of auditory feedback for walking: anticipation, variability, and frequency adaptation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Wearable auditory feedback systems have demonstrated potential to support gait rehabilitation, yet user experience and engagement remain underexplored. This feasibility study investigated the usability and perceptions of an IMU-based (WT901BLECL, WitMotion) sonification system designed to deliver real-time gait feedback. Twenty healthy participants walked on a treadmill at two speeds under three conditions: no feedback, discrete bass tones, and continuous whoosh tones. The proposed system, with an IMU sensor embedded in a flexible garment, combined real-time gait analysis with auditory cues. Participants reported high levels of comfort, with most (90%) indicating that they had a positive overall experience. Discrete bass tones enhanced awareness of specific gait phases, particularly heel strike and initial contact, whereas continuous whoosh sounds extended awareness to the trunk and hips but were occasionally perceived as distracting. Motivation effects were mixed, and no significant correlations were found between subjective ratings and biomechanical measures, reflecting individual variability in auditory cue interpretation. These results emphasized the role of sound modality in influencing gait perception and highlighted the importance of user-centered design in wearable rehabilitation technologies. The study provides foundational evidence for refining personalized auditory feedback systems and supports future investigations with clinical populations, such as stroke survivors and individuals with Parkinson's Disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.