ArticleApplied health economics and health policy2026
Which Factors are Holding up the Integration of the Environmental Impact of Health Technologies in Health Technology Assessment? Insights from a Multi-Stakeholder Interview Study.
Article in Applied health economics and health policy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Environmental Aspects in Price and Reimbursement Decisions of Medicines-A Scoping Review.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- The Increasing Value of Environmental Sustainability Assessments in Healthcare Policy and Technology Evaluation.Applied health economics and health policy · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe integration of environmental impact into health technology assessment (HTA) is increasingly discussed, but its practical implementation remains uncertain. This study explores multi-stakeholder perspectives on the progress, challenges, and equity implications of incorporating environmental considerations into HTA.
methodsAs part of the Horizon Europe project HI-PRIX (ID: 101095593), 13 semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts across academia, HTA agencies, regulatory bodies, and industry in seven European countries. Interview transcripts were analyzed through a thematic analysis conducted manually, using a grounded-theory approach. From the interviews, 101 quotes corresponding to 37 codes were extracted and organized in eight analytical themes.
resultsStakeholders agreed that environmental impact is relevant but under-addressed in HTA due to fragmented data, methodological uncertainty, and lack of regulatory guidance. Many emphasized that a health system perspective is too narrow, where methods conventionally used to assess health technologies are not necessarily appropriate to also assess environmental impact, calling for a societal approach that reflects lifecycle impacts. Equity consequences linked to the inclusion of environmental impact of health technologies in HTA were specifically recognized as both reasons for its incorporation and potential barriers. At this stage, procurement was identified as a practical approach to account for the environmental dimension.
conclusionsIntegrating environmental impact into HTA will require shifting toward a societal perspective, stronger collaboration across stakeholders, and development of EU-level guidance, expert panels, and standardized methodologies. Methodologies incorporating equity into economic analyses should be explored as a potential direction for future research. Until frameworks mature, environmental impact is likely to remain informative but not yet decisive in HTA.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.