Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41147856›Full record

ArticleProtein science : a publication of the Protein Society2025

Production of human cathepsins using Expi293™ mammalian cell expression system for off-target activity of cysteine protease inhibitor screening.

Zoe Turner, Elena Arutyunova, Duong T Bui, Ling Han, Appan Srinivas Kandadai, Bing Bai, Howard S Young, Lara K Mahal, John S Klassen, M Joanne Lemieux

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Zoe TurnerDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Elena ArutyunovaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4119-3622
Duong T BuiDepartment of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9274-0759
Ling HanDepartment of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-3088-0374
Appan Srinivas KandadaiLi Ka Shing Applied Virology Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Bing BaiLi Ka Shing Applied Virology Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Howard S YoungDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Lara K MahalDepartment of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4791-8524
John S KlassenDepartment of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-3389-7112
M Joanne LemieuxDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Funding

Alberta Innovation and Advanced Education Research Capacity ProgramCanada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of CanadaCanada Foundation for InnovationCanadian Institutes of Health Research Rapid Research PJT 180390Canadian Institutes of Health Research Rapid Research VR3-172655Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Following the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, many direct-acting antivirals targeting viral cysteine protease were developed. SARS-CoV-2, as well as other viruses, rely on cysteine proteases for their replication, suggesting future generations of antivirals targeting cysteine proteases will emerge. A major concern for these first-generation drugs is the off-target effects on host cysteine proteases. Therefore, screening for inhibitor specificity is a crucial step in antiviral drug development. Cathepsins are one of the most abundant human proteases, which have roles in maintaining cell health and are key to many physiological processes. Here we describe a general expression and purification protocol for cathepsins B, S, and L using the Expi293™ mammalian expression system. We characterized the glycosylation pattern and kinetic parameters of purified enzymes with commercially available cathepsin-specific fluorogenic substrates and also established cathepsin inhibition screen assays. We tested specificity indices of peptidic inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 M

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsCathepsinsCysteine Proteinase InhibitorsCathepsin BCathepsin LHEK293 CellsHumansRecombinant ProteinsSARS-CoV-2Antiviral AgentsCathepsin BCathepsin Lcathepsin SCathepsinsCTSB protein, humanCTSL protein, humanCysteine Proteinase InhibitorsRecombinant Proteinsantiviralscathepsinscysteine proteaseoff‐target activitySARS‐CoV‐2 inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID41147856
PMCPMC12560255

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.