ArticleCurrent pharmaceutical design2026
Design and Synthesis of Novel Spiropyridine Derivatives as Promising Anti-inflammatory and Gene-targeting Agents Against COVID-19.
Article in Current pharmaceutical design, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has highlighted the urgent need for effective antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapies. Spiropyridine derivatives containing a chalcone moiety have shown potential in targeting key enzymes involved in viral replication and inflammation.
objectiveTo evaluate the inhibitory effects of synthesized spiropyridine derivatives on SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2), and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), and to assess their impact on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in LPS-treated lung cells.
aimTo develop novel therapeutic agents that can effectively manage COVID-19 and related inflammatory conditions.
methodsThe synthesized compounds (1-3) were tested for their inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, sPLA2, and cPLA2 using in vitro assays to determine IC50 values. Inflammatory markers (COX-2, IL-2, IL-4, TGF-1β, TNF-α) and oxidative stress markers (GSH, SOD, GR, MDA) were measured in LPS-treated lung cells. Gene expression levels of sPLA2 and cPLA2 were also assessed. Molecular docking studies were conducted to analyze the binding affinities and interactions of the compounds with the target enzymes.
resultsCompounds 1-3 showed significant inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro with IC DISCUSSION: The results demonstrate that the structural integration of a spiropyridine core with a chalcone moiety yields compounds with superior multi-target inhibitory activity. The potent antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects are significantly correlated with their strong binding interactions with the active sites of Mpro, sPLA2, and cPLA2, as validated by molecular docking. These findings align with and extend current research on targeting host-inflammatory pathways alongside viral replication for COVID-19 management.
conclusionThe synthesized spiropyridine derivatives containing a chalcone moiety exhibit potent antiviral, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant properties. These findings suggest that these compounds could be promising therapeutic agents for managing COVID-19 and related inflammatory conditions. Future studies should focus on in vivo experiments, clinical trials, and structural optimization to further develop these compounds for clinical use.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41147282What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.