Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41147100›Full record

ArticleInternational health2026

Piloting a mobile early warning alert and response system for East and Central Darfur, Sudan.

Kazuki Shimizu, Muhammad Ali Raja, Muntasir Mohammed Osman, Elfadil Mohammed Mahmoud, Mazza Abasher Alzain, Rizwan Ayub, Marcel Woung, Sara Ahmed, Egmond Samir Evers, Sherein Elnossery and 10 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Kazuki ShimizuWorld Health Organization Headquarters, Health Emergencies Programme, Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-4201-7700
Muhammad Ali RajaWorld Health Organization Country Office in Sudan, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Muntasir Mohammed OsmanFederal Ministry of Health, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Elfadil Mohammed MahmoudFederal Ministry of Health, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Mazza Abasher AlzainFederal Ministry of Health, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Rizwan AyubWorld Health Organization Country Office in Sudan, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Marcel WoungWorld Health Organization Headquarters, Health Emergencies Programme, Geneva, Switzerland.
Sara AhmedWorld Health Organization Country Office in Sudan, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Egmond Samir EversWorld Health Organization Headquarters, Health Emergencies Programme, Geneva, Switzerland.
Sherein ElnosseryWorld Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Health Emergencies Programme, Cairo, Egypt.
Douaa Fouad Osman IbragemWorld Health Organization Country Office in Sudan, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Siddeg Khalafalla Ahmed MustafaWorld Health Organization Country Office in Sudan, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Liesbeth AelbrechtWorld Health Organization Headquarters, Health Emergencies Programme, Geneva, Switzerland.
Muhammad Fawad KhanWorld Health Organization Country Office in Sudan, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Simon Kaddu SsentamuWorld Health Organization Country Office in Sudan, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Hala KhudariWorld Health Organization Country Office in Sudan, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Hani HaidarWorld Health Organization Country Office in Sudan, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Shible SahbaniWorld Health Organization Country Office in Sudan, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Haitham Mohamed Ibrahim AwadallahFederal Ministry of Health, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Boris Igor PavlinWorld Health Organization Headquarters, Health Emergencies Programme, Geneva, Switzerland.

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Conflict in Sudan since April 2023 has disrupted health information systems, particularly in hard-to-reach areas like Darfur. In response to limited surveillance capacity and reports of suspected outbreaks (e.g. measles, cholera, hepatitis E), Sudan's Federal Ministry of Health, Health Cluster partners and the WHO piloted an emergency surveillance programme using the WHO-developed Early Warning, Alert, and Response System Mobile (EWARS Mobile) in Central and East Darfur states from September 2024 to January 2025. The approach enabled simplified, offline reporting of eight priority diseases and event-based surveillance through partner-supported health facilities. A total of 158 health facilities submitted 752 weekly reports, generating several verified alerts, including suspected measles and acute flaccid paralysis. Despite resource and connectivity challenges, the system provided timely, actionable data for early detection and prompt response, and worked as a beachhead for enhanced partner coordination. The pilot highlighted the value of fit-for-purpose surveillance tools in complex emergencies and demonstrated the feasibility and utility of EWARS Mobile in conflict-affected settings. Based on improved reporting timeliness and partner engagement, the system was approved for expansion to all Darfur states in February 2025.

Indexed as

Disease OutbreaksMobile ApplicationsPopulation SurveillanceHumansPilot ProjectsSudanepidemiologyhealth securityhumanitarian healthoutbreaksurveillance

Identifiers

PMID41147100
PMCPMC13017211

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.