ArticleBMC research notes2025
Effect of enalapril and losartan on the expression of genes involved in inflammation, fibrogenesis, and apoptosis in orbital fibroblasts of graves' ophthalmopathy.
Article in BMC research notes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The effects of netarsudil ophthalmic solution on the expression of genes involved in fibrogenesis in orbital fibroblasts of patients with thyroid eye disease.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Assessment of Residual Oxidative Stress in Patients with Well-Controlled Hypertension: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveGraves' ophthalmopathy (GO) is characterized by orbital fibroblast (OF) proliferation, hyaluronic acid (HA) secretion, and inflammation. Modulating these pathological mechanisms may offer a therapeutic strategy for GO. This exploratory study aimed to investigate the effects of enalapril and losartan on gene expression related to inflammation, fibrogenesis, and apoptosis in OFs derived from a GO patient.
resultsPrimary OFs were obtained from orbital tissue during decompression surgery (from a single GO patient) and treated with enalapril and losartan at concentrations of 0.5x, x, 2x, and 4x (where x = 40 ng/mL for enalapril and 400 ng/mL for losartan). Real-time PCR was used to assess expression of IL1B, IL6, THY1, HAS, TGFB, BCL2, and BAX. Both drugs significantly reduced IL1B expression at 0.5x, suggesting potential anti-inflammatory effects at low doses. However, IL6, THY1, HAS, and TGFB were either unchanged or upregulated following treatment. No cytotoxic effects were observed. The influence on apoptotic genes (BCL2 and BAX) was modest and dose-dependent. These findings suggest that enalapril and losartan may modulate inflammation in GO OFs, though their effects on fibrogenic and apoptotic pathways remain complex. Further multi-donor studies are needed to evaluate their therapeutic potential in GO.
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