Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41146257›Full record

Trial reportBMC health services research2025

Process evaluation of the residential care transition module.

Dana P Urbanski, Robyn W Birkeland, Elle A Albers, David L Roth, Zachary G Baker, Allison M Gustavson, Hawking Yam, Joseph E Gaugler

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC health services research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02915939 (The Residential Care Transition Module), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02915939 nacompletednot on this map

The Residential Care Transition Module

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of MinnesotaRan2016 to 2021Enrolled240ConditionsAlzheimer Disease, DementiaArmsThe Residential Care Transition Module
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Dana P UrbanskiDepartment of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, 47408, USA. urbanski@iu.edu.
Robyn W BirkelandDivision of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Elle A AlbersDivision of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
David L RothDivision of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Zachary G BakerEdson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
Allison M GustavsonCenter for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA.
Hawking YamDivision of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Joseph E GauglerDivision of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDementia caregiver intervention research often lacks focus on mechanisms of benefit. This study addresses this gap through a process evaluation of the Residential Care Transition Module (RCTM), a telehealth intervention designed to assist family caregivers of persons with dementia post-institutionalization, consisting of six sessions with flexible ad hoc support over a 12-month period. This process evaluation describes the RCTM's content and delivery, examines treatment fidelity, identifies implementation factors that influenced the primary outcomes (caregiver subjective stress and depressive symptoms), and clarifies mechanisms of intervention benefit.

methodsThe RCTM enrolled 240 primary caregivers randomly assigned to the intervention or attention control group (n = 120 each). Process/implementation data were collected through study logs documenting session duration, modality, and content, and treatment review checklists completed at four, eight, and 12 months, capturing caregiver ratings of intervention content, utility, and acceptability. Additionally, 30 purposively selected caregivers completed semi-structured interviews probing their perceptions of the intervention. This process evaluation employed a parallel convergent mixed-methods design, integrating quantitative data from longitudinal surveys with qualitative thematic analysis of interviews.

resultsMost caregivers (107; 89%) completed all six intervention sessions; of these, the majority (80; 75%) completed the intervention in four months. Caregivers found the intervention beneficial across multiple domains, expressing strong support for its utility and acceptability. Interviews revealed nine intervention components that facilitated treatment enactment and highlighted mechanisms of benefit. Longitudinal models showed participation in ad hoc intervention sessions was associated with greater benefit over the 12-month period, with higher frequency and longer duration of ad hoc sessions significantly associated with larger reductions in depressive symptoms and care-related stress, respectively.

conclusionsThe RCTM was delivered with high fidelity, demonstrating strong caregiver participation and positive feedback. Qualitative and quantitative data highlight the RCTM's value in providing emotional support and informational counseling to help caregivers build mastery for managing residential care-related issues. In particular, results demonstrated the potential importance of flexible ad hoc sessions in complementing the core intervention. These insights can inform future adaptation/implementation of the RCTM to support dementia caregivers within residential long-term care settings.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02915939; 09-26-2016.

Indexed as

CaregiversDementiaAgedAged, 80 and overDepressionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProcess Assessment, Health CareStress, PsychologicalTelemedicineCaregivingDementiaResidential long-term careSupport intervention

Identifiers

PMID41146257
PMCPMC12560283

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.