ArticleBMC public health2025
Validation of the Chinese version of the Cyberbullying Bystanders Scale.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPromoting positive changes in bystander action has been proved vital to alleviate cyberbullying. This study focuses on comparing the online and face-to-face cyberbullying bystander behaviors by validating the Chinese version of the Cyberbullying Bystanders Scale (CCBS).
methodsA sample of 506 adolescents (54.15% boys; M
resultsEFA supported a six-factor structure, and one item with low and cross loadings was removed during scale refinement, resulting in a 39-item instrument. CFA showed acceptable model fit (χ² = 2321.58, df = 687, p < .001; RMSEA = 0.09; CFI = 0.90; SRMR = 0.05), supporting the structural validity of the CCBS. Face-to-face defender behavior was found to be the most prevalent used action. Participants' academic performance was found negatively related to reinforcement behavior, while self-efficacy was found positively related to defending behaviors. DISCUSSION: The validated CCBS offers a culturally sensitive tool for exploring the roles of cyberbullying bystanders among Chinese adolescents, facilitating research and intervention strategies aimed at promoting positive bystander involvement.
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