ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2026
First-Order Spatial Encoding Simulations for Improved Accuracy in the Presence of Strong B
Article in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeLow-cost and application-specific scanners with unconventional designs can entail substantial inhomogeneities of the main magnetic field
methodsLike many other MRI simulators, ours discretizes magnetic fields in space. However, we extend the MR signal simulation at each grid point from the 0th-order approximation, which assumes piecewise constant fields, to a 1st-order approximation, which assumes piecewise linear fields. We solve the signal equation by analytically integrating over each grid cube, assuming linear field variations, and then summing over all cubes. We provide analytical integrals for several pulse sequences.
resultsThe 1st-order approximation captures strongly varying fields and associated intravoxel dephasing more accurately, avoiding severe "ringing" artifacts present in the usual 0th-order simulations. This enables simulations on a much coarser grid, facilitating computational feasibility.
conclusionThe first-order simulator enables the evaluation of unconventional scanner designs with strongly varying magnetic fields.
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