Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41145849›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Cancer2026

Epigenetic regulation of T cell exhaustion in cancer.

Tae Gun Kang, Jordan T Johnson, Caitlin C Zebley, Ben Youngblood

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. CD39 on CD8European journal of immunology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Targeting PKM2 Enhances the Anti-Tumor Function of CD8International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. BACH2 the future.Nature immunology · 2026
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Post-translational modifications in CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2026
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Tumor-driven stabilization of CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2026
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Tae Gun KangDepartment of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2997-9887
Jordan T JohnsonDepartment of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
Caitlin C ZebleyDepartment of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8419-4660
Ben YoungbloodDepartment of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. benjamin.youngblood@stjude.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-9957

Funding

EPIGENETIC REPROGRAMMING OF T CELL EXHAUSTION TO ENHANCE TUMOR IMMUNOTHERAPYR01CA237311 · NCI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI Benjamin Alan Youngblood · 2020 to 2026
$2.9M
T32 Training Program in Pediatric Immuno-Oncology and ImmunotherapyT32CA272387 · NCI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI Stephen Gottschalk · 2022 to 2026
$994k
Decoding the epigenetic landscape that delineates T cell homeostatic proliferation from uncontrolled growth”K08CA279926 · NCI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI Caitlin Zebley · 2023 to 2026
$791k
NCI NIH HHS K08 CA279926NCI NIH HHS R01 CA237311NCI NIH HHS T32 CA272387
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Current T cell-based immunotherapy strategies, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, have revolutionized cancer care. However, many patients with cancer who are treated with these approaches fail to respond or do not achieve durable protection against disease relapse, highlighting the need for further optimization of such strategies. The advent of cancer immunotherapy has ushered in an era of research centred on immune oncology with a specific focus on defining T cell-intrinsic mechanisms that delineate therapeutic responders and non-responders. Among the major barriers limiting immunotherapy efficacy, T cell exhaustion - which is characterized by repression of the effector functions and proliferative potential of T cells - has emerged as a common mechanism among various cancers. Here, we review transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms that control T cell exhaustion. We discuss how T cell subset-specific gene regulatory programmes limit immunotherapy success and theorize on the development of next-generation strategies for increasing the clinical breadth, efficacy and durability of T cell immunotherapy.

Indexed as

Epigenesis, GeneticNeoplasmsT-LymphocytesAnimalsHumansImmunotherapyImmunotherapy, AdoptiveT-Cell Exhaustion

Identifiers

PMID41145849
PMCPMC13203999

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.