ArticleNature medicine2025
A full life cycle biological clock based on routine clinical data and its impact in health and diseases.
Article in Nature medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Prediction of maternal and infant outcomes from longitudinal electronic health records with a mother-child AI agent.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Longitudinal alignments and syntheses of multimodal clinical data for personalized medicine with the PULSE framework.Nature computational science · 2026Article
- Accelerated Biological Aging Increases the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: Insights From Genetic Instruments of Epigenetic Clocks.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2026Article
- Sex-specific aging clocks from a large-scale human phenome reveal distinct aging transitions and circulating signatures.Nature aging · 2026Article
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- Advancing AI for multi-omics and clinical data integration in basic and translational cancer research.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Biological aging clocks in health and disease.Nature medicine · 2026Review
- Proteomic clocks combined with deep learning phenotypes track eye aging and diseases.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Dual CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD19 and BCMA as a novel opportunity for immune reset in systemic lupus erythematosus.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
- Hierarchical organ aging signatures from routine abdominal CT add incremental disease risk stratification beyond blood biomarkers.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- sc-ChromAging: A Single-Cell Chromatin Accessibility-based Clock Decodes Cell-Type-Specific Epigenetic Aging Trajectories.npj aging · 2026Article
- Reimagining human-centric drug development with new approach methodologies.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- The Evolving Landscape of CAR T-Cell Therapy in Autoimmune Diseases: A State-of-the-Art Review (2025).Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Nurses as guardians of time: the hidden clinical value of continuous care in geriatrics.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence in membranous nephropathy: transforming clinical management toward precision medicine.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence approaches in biological age prediction: current status and challenges.British journal of biomedical science · 2026Review
- Developing cell therapies for lupus.Nature medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
38 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aging research has primarily focused on adult aging clocks, leaving a critical gap in understanding a biological clock across the full life cycle, particularly during infancy and childhood. Here we introduce LifeClock, a biological clock model that predicts biological age across all life stages using routine electronic health records and laboratory test data. To enhance individualized predictions, we integrated virtual patient representations from 24,633,025 heterogeneous longitudinal clinical visits across 9,680,764 individuals and projected them into a latent space. Our approach leverages EHRFormer, a time-series transformer-based model, to analyze developmental and aging dynamics with high precision and develop accurate biological age clocks spanning infancy to old age. Our findings reveal distinct biological clock patterns across different life stages. The pediatric clock is strongly associated with children's development and accurately predicts current and future risks of major pediatric diseases, including malnutrition, growth and developmental abnormalities. The adult clock is strongly associated with aging and accurately predicts current and future risks of major age-related diseases, such as diabetes, renal failure, stroke and cardiovascular diseases. This work therefore distinguishes pediatric development from adult aging, establishing a novel framework to advance precision health by leveraging routine clinical data across the entire lifespan.
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