ArticlePediatric research2026
Early feeding and fluid volume associations with adverse in-hospital outcomes among premature newborns.
Article in Pediatric research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundHigh average total fluid intakes in the first week after birth are linked to adverse outcomes in preterm infants, including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Relative contributions of enteral and parenteral fluids remain unclear.
objectiveEvaluate associations between average enteral, parenteral, and total fluid intake in the first postnatal week and morbidity and mortality in preterm newborns.
methodsIn this retrospective study of 185 infants born ≤30 weeks or ≤1250 g who survived seven days in a level IV NICU, we assessed relationships between fluid intake and adverse outcomes, including mortality, length of stay (LOS), NEC, and BPD.
resultsEach 10 mL/kg/day increase in enteral intake averaged over the first postnatal week was associated with 30% lower odds of BPD, 35% lower odds of mortality (aOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.58-0.85; aOR 0.65, 95% CI 0.46-0.93), and shorter LOS (-4.77 days, 95% CI -7.26, -2.29). Higher average enteral feeds were not associated with adverse outcomes. Higher average parenteral and total fluid intakes were associated with increased odds of BPD, mortality, and prolonged LOS.
conclusionHigher average enteral intake in the first week is associated with improved outcomes in preterm infants. IMPACT: Previous research on extremely low birthweight infants reported that high total fluid intake within the first week after birth is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes The relative contributions of parenteral fluid versus enteral feeding volumes have not been evaluated. Among neonates born at ≤30 gestational weeks or ≤1250 g, higher enteral intake was associated with decreased odds of mortality, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and a shorter length of stay. Higher parenteral fluid intake and higher total fluid intake were associated with increased odds of adverse outcomes.
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