ArticleInternational journal of hygiene and environmental health2026
Estimating the half-life of Ethylenethiourea from the urine of garlic farmers in northern Thailand: Characterizing the optimal window for biomonitoring to improve exposure assessment.
Article in International journal of hygiene and environmental health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Advances in the neurotoxicity of ecological pesticide maneb: mechanisms and implications for human health.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
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12 authors.
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Abstract
Ethylenebisdithiocarbamates (EBDCs) such as maneb and mancozeb are a widely used class of fungicides essential to the protection of economically valuable crops and are believed to pose significant health risks to farmworkers. Ethylenethiourea (ETU) is a reliable biomarker of exposure to EBDC; however, currently information on the biological half-life of ETU is sparse, which has led to potential misclassification in exposure assessment. In this study, we address these limitations by evaluating the excretion profile and urinary half-life of ETU in farmworkers who applied EBDC fungicides during garlic cultivation in northern Thailand. Eleven farmers were recruited to participate in this study. Each participant was asked to self-collect their urine immediately after fungicide application and up to 28 h post-application. The participants provided 5-10 samples for subsequent analysis of ETU using solid-supported liquid extraction coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results showed a mean ETU half-life of 7.9 h (95 % CI: 3.7-12.1 h) using unadjusted ETU concentrations and 16.1 h (95 % CI: 10.6-21.5 h) using creatinine-corrected ETU concentrations. Based on the observed range of T
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