Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41144850›Full record

ArticleBiomacromolecules2025

PEGylation-Driven Remodeling of the Protein Corona on PLGA Nanoparticles: Implications for Macrophage Recognition.

Lucio Spinelli, Pasquale D'Anna, Elva Morretta, Chiara Cassiano, Virgilio Piccolo, Martina De Rosa, Rebecca Amico, Paola De Cicco, Diego Brancaccio, Claudia Conte and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomacromolecules, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Navigating theNanoscale advances · 2026
    Review
  6. How PLGA Microspheres are Emerging as a Key Drug Delivery System.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Lucio SpinelliUniversity of Napoli Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy.
Pasquale D'AnnaUniversity of Napoli Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy.
Elva MorrettaUniversity of Napoli Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy.
Chiara CassianoUniversity of Napoli Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy.
Virgilio PiccoloUniversity of Napoli Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy.
Martina De RosaUniversity of Napoli Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy.
Rebecca AmicoUniversity of Napoli Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy.
Paola De CiccoUniversity of Napoli Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy.
Diego BrancaccioUniversity of Napoli Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy.
Claudia ConteUniversity of Napoli Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy.
Angela ZampellaUniversity of Napoli Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6170-279X
Fabiana QuagliaUniversity of Napoli Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy.
Maria Chiara MontiUniversity of Napoli Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1337-2909

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The formation of a Protein Corona (PC) on the surface of nanoparticles (NPs) is a critical event that shapes their biological identity and governs interactions with the immune system. In this study, we investigated the composition of the PC formed on mixtures of PLGA and PEG-PLGA NPs, aiming to elucidate the link between NPsurface chemistry, proteomic fingerprint in cell culture medium, and uptake by bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). NPs showed different sizes but comparable actual PEG amount exposed on the surface, which is significantly lower than the theoretical values. The PC, isolated using a standardized microfiltration protocol, revealed distinct patterns of protein adsorption as a function of the PEG density. Uptake studies in BMDMs revealed a strong inverse relationship between PEG surface density, PC composition, and macrophage internalization, supporting the hypothesis that the opsonin/dysopsonin balance is more critical than a single protein interaction. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that the PEG surface density is not the only determinant of PC composition. These findings underscore the importance of rigorous surface characterization and PC profiling to predict and tune nanocarrier performance

Indexed as

MacrophagesNanoparticlesPolyethylene GlycolsPolyglycolic AcidProtein CoronaAdsorptionAnimalsMiceMice, Inbred C57BLParticle SizePolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerSurface PropertiesPolyethylene GlycolsPolyglycolic AcidPolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerProtein Corona

Identifiers

PMID41144850
PMCPMC12690586

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.