Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41144623›Full record

ReviewDevelopmental neuroscience2025

Small for Gestational Age and Motor Development in Children: A Narrative Review of Risk Factors, Brain Mechanisms, and Early Interventions.

Liuyan Zhu, Dan Yao

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Developmental neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Liuyan ZhuDepartment of Pediatric Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
Dan YaoDepartment of Pediatric Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China, yaoyaof11@zju.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSmall for gestational age (SGA) infants face a heightened risk of motor delays that can persist into childhood, affecting cognitive and language development. Early identification and intervention are critical for better long-term outcomes. SUMMARY: This narrative review highlights evidence on motor development in SGA children, focusing on risk factors, neurobiological mechanisms, and early interventions. Motor delays in SGA infants correlate with lower birth weight, shorter gestation, adverse intrauterine conditions, and perinatal complications. Structural brain changes, especially in white matter and cerebellum, along with prenatal and postnatal inflammation, contribute to these deficits. Nutritional support, physical therapy, and family-based stimulation initiated in the first 2 years show promise for improving motor outcomes. KEY MESSAGES: SGA children are at high risk for motor developmental disorders. A comprehensive early intervention approach targeting nutrition, neurodevelopment, and family support is essential. Future research should aim to clarify mechanisms and optimize intervention timing and strategies to enhance long-term outcomes.

Indexed as

ChildrenEarly interventionMotor developmentNeurodevelopmentSmall for gestational age

Identifiers

PMID41144623
PMCPMC12737333

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.