Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41144187›Full record

ArticleAIDS and behavior2026

Preferences and Trade-offs for Attributes of Long-Acting HIV Prevention Products Among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women in Kenya: A Discrete Choice Experiment.

Sophia M Ngugi, Elizabeth Echoka, Vincent Were, Nicholas Thuo, Vallery Ogello, Nelson Muteti, Paul Mwangi, Jacob Kazungu, Kenneth Ngure

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Article in AIDS and behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sophia M NgugiSchool of Public Health, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya. sophiengugi30@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-4976-5096
Elizabeth EchokaKenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Public Health Research, Nairobi, Kenya.
Vincent WereData Synergy and Evaluation Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.
Nicholas ThuoKenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Clinical Research, Partners in Health and Research Development, Thika, Kenya.
Vallery OgelloKenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Clinical Research, Partners in Health and Research Development, Thika, Kenya.
Nelson MutetiKenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Clinical Research, Partners in Health and Research Development, Thika, Kenya.
Paul MwangiKenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Clinical Research, Partners in Health and Research Development, Thika, Kenya.
Jacob KazunguHealth Economics Research Unit, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya.
Kenneth NgureSchool of Public Health, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.

Funding

Merck MISP 61171
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Novel long-acting HIV-prevention products offer a promising solution to adherence challenges related to daily pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use. We conducted a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to examine preferences for long-acting HIV-prevention products (oral tablets, injections, vaginal rings, and implants) among pregnant and breastfeeding women (PBFW) in Kenya. We developed a D-efficient experimental design incorporating six attributes, specifically dose frequency, effectiveness, prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), prevention of pregnancy, product access location, and cost. Choice data were collected from 350 respondents (179 pregnant and 171 breastfeeding women) from Kiambu and Kisumu counties and were analysed using panel mixed multinomial logit models. Compared to oral products, the implant was the most preferred HIV-prevention product (β = 3.604), followed by injection (β = 3.078), and vaginal ring (β = 0.153). PBFW also preferred products with the ability to prevent STIs (β = 2.364) and pregnancies (β = 1.450), offered longer dosing intervals (β = 1.296), and had higher effectiveness (β = 0.543). Cost emerged as a significant factor, with PBFW willing to pay more for products offering higher effectiveness and additional STI and pregnancy prevention benefits. These findings emphasise the importance of affordable, effective, and multipurpose long-acting HIV-prevention products tailored to the preferences of PBFW. Expanding product options will enhance uptake and adherence to HIV prevention efforts in this vulnerable population.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsBreast FeedingChoice BehaviorHIV InfectionsPatient PreferencePre-Exposure ProphylaxisPregnancy Complications, InfectiousPregnant PeopleAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansKenyaPregnancySurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultAnti-HIV AgentsDCEKenyaLong-actingPre-exposure prophylaxisPreferencePregnant and breastfeeding women

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.