ArticleSAGE open medicine2025
Analysing the lived experience of Iranian female heads of households in the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study.
Article in SAGE open medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: COVID-19 has instigated many challenges for all groups of society, but these problems have been more tangible and difficult for female heads of households. The purpose of the present study is to analyse the lived experience of Iranian female heads of households during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The present research was conducted with a qualitative approach and qualitative content analysis method on 40 female heads of households. Data collection was done through purposeful and snowball sampling and via face-to-face, semi-structured interviews from 1 September 2021 to 30 March 2022. Data management was done using MAXQDA-2018 software, and the analysis was done using the Graneheim and Lundman analysis method. Also, to increase the trustworthiness of the results, Guba and Lincoln's criteria were followed. Results: A total of 180 codes, 2 main categories, and 11 subcategories include: (1) challenges and problems (formation of new family roles, work-related problems, new economic needs of the family, weakening of personal health, social problems, risky life, affecting family nutrition, fear of collapse); (2) opportunities (expansion of home entrepreneurship, availability of other family members, internet businesses) were extracted from the data analysis. Conclusion: In general, based on the results, the COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to creating numerous personal, family, and social challenges for female heads of households, has also created positive and effective opportunities in their lives. Their resilience and willingness to make sacrifices become even more pronounced, especially during severe crises. Therefore, measures such as financial support from relevant organisations, easy access to necessary health services, and promoting their ability to manage situations in times of crisis through strengthening their resilience as a key strategy for coping with adversity can play a vital role in enhancing the health and quality of life of female heads of households and their children.
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