ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Neurotrophic factors as double-edged swords in osteosarcoma: drivers of tumour growth and immune remodelling.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nuclear Medicine Tracers Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Precision nanomedicine for lung metastatic osteosarcoma: challenges, therapeutic strategies, and perspectives.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Static and Repetitive Magnetic Stimulation in Cancer Therapy: A Scoping Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neurotrophic factors, once considered exclusive guardians of neuronal integrity, are increasingly recognised as pivotal regulators of osteosarcoma biology. Their paradoxical enhancement of malignant fitness and an immunosuppressive microenvironment complicates therapy, with metastatic survival remaining stubbornly low. Recent mechanistic studies reveal that ligand-dependent NGF-TrkA, BDNF-TrkB and GDNF-RET circuits intersect with MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT and STAT3 pathways to ignite proliferation, invasion and metastatic spread. Concurrently, neurotrophin signalling recalibrates macrophage polarity, dampens cytotoxic T-cell function and orchestrates neural-immune feedback loops that shield tumours from surveillance. Harnessing this duality demands an integrative strategy. We synthesise tumour-intrinsic and extrinsic neurotrophic axes, delineate neuro-immune crosstalk, and highlight interventions-TRK/RET inhibitors, CSF1R blockade, β-adrenergic antagonists-aimed at converting this liability into therapeutic leverage. By framing neurotrophic factors as double-edged swords, this review provides a conceptual and practical roadmap for exploiting their vulnerabilities to improve outcomes in osteosarcoma.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.