ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Roles of tumor-associated macrophages in triple-negative breast cancer progression.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Targeting the tumor microenvironment: a new strategy for natural products in breast cancer therapy.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Review
- Anthraquinone-Loaded Liposomes for TAM Reprogramming in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Mechanistic Rationale, Delivery Logic, and Translational Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Breast Cancer Milieu Maneuvers Cancer-Associated Macrophages to Synergize Neoplastic Repertoires.Cancers · 2026Review
- Integrative immunogenomic and experimental characterization reveals CXCL9, CXCL13, CCL5 and CD74 as key oncogenic drivers in breast cancer.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026Article
- CD300a as a Potential Immune Checkpoint in Breast Cancer: Insights from in vivo and in vitro Models.International archives of allergy and immunology · 2026Article
- Integrative Multiomics Analysis Reveals a Cancer Stem Cell-Driven Prognostic Signature and Nominates Belinostat for Targeted Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Stem cells international · 2026Article
- Advances and challenges in biomarker guided management of triple-negative breast cancer in the era of neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- 25HC regulates the polarization of CD163Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- MiRNAs: a call to arms that shapes the plasticity of tumor associated macrophages in breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression. It is associated with a high risk of recurrence, metastasis, and limited therapeutic options. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a central role in TNBC progression by shaping an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Primarily polarized toward an M2-like phenotype under the influence of cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β, TAMs facilitate tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune evasion through multiple mechanisms. This review summarizes current understanding of TAM recruitment, polarization, and pro-tumoral functions in TNBC, and outlines emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at depleting TAMs, reprogramming them to an anti-tumor M1-like state, or blocking the CD47-SIRPα phagocytosis checkpoint. These approaches offer promising avenues for reprogramming the TNBC microenvironment and improving clinical outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.