Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41141789›Full record

ArticleACS omega2025

Isoconversional Kinetic Analysis and ANN-Based Prediction of Metformin Pyrolysis for Sustainable Waste Management.

Ramesh Potnuri, Maheswata Lenka, Chinta Sankar Rao, Harshini Dasari

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in ACS omega, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ramesh PotnuriControl Systems & Machine Learning Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, Karnataka 575025, India.
Maheswata LenkaControl Systems & Machine Learning Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, Karnataka 575025, India.
Chinta Sankar RaoControl Systems & Machine Learning Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, Karnataka 575025, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3554-5006
Harshini DasariChemical Engineering Department, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka 576104, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9410-4369

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pharmaceutical waste poses a growing environmental concern due to its persistence and potential ecological impacts, necessitating effective and sustainable management strategies. This study investigates the pyrolysis of metformin as a means to valorize pharmaceutical waste within a circular economy framework. Pyrolysis experiments conducted on 500 mg of metformin demonstrated the formation of liquid-phase products, characterized by GC-MS, which revealed a high concentration of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) alongside carbonaceous, nitro, and acidic compounds. Comprehensive thermogravimetric analyses at heating rates of 10, 20, 30, and 40 °C/min were performed to evaluate the thermal decomposition behavior. Kinetic parameters were determined using four isoconversional methods, namely KAS, FWO, Starink, and FRD, yielding average activation energies of 101.4, 105.8, 101.4, and 111.1 kJ/mol, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters (Δ

Identifiers

PMID41141789
PMCPMC12547523

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.