Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41140902›Full record

ArticleOphthalmology science2026

Topical WIN 55 212-2 Confers Long-Term Intraocular Pressure-Independent Neuroprotection in the DBA/2J Mouse Model of Glaucoma.

Gabriele Gallo Afflitto, Tsung-Han Chou, Mascha Louisa Korsch, Francesco Aiello, Annagrazia Adornetto, Rossella Russo, Giacinto Bagetta, Carlo Nucci, Vittorio Porciatti

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In one paragraph

Article in Ophthalmology science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Gabriele Gallo AfflittoOphthalmology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
Tsung-Han ChouBascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
Mascha Louisa KorschCenter for Therapeutic Innovation, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
Francesco AielloOphthalmology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
Annagrazia AdornettoDepartment of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
Rossella RussoDepartment of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
Giacinto BagettaDepartment of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Section of Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
Carlo NucciOphthalmology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
Vittorio PorciattiBascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the neuroprotective efficacy of topical WIN 55 212-2 (WIN) in the DBA/2J mouse model of chronic glaucoma. Design: Preclinical controlled study. Subjects: Ninety 6-month-old DBA/2J mice (180 eyes) grouped in Untreated (UN), WIN 1%, or WIN 1% + rimonabant (RIM). Methods: In vivo recordings were performed at 6 (T6), 8 (T8), and 10 (T10) months. Two broken-stick generalized estimating equation models were fitted: model 1 treated Intraocular Pressure (IOP) as a covariate; model 2 treated IOP as an explicit predictor. Retinal lysates underwent Western blotting (LC3-II, p62, Parkin, Optineurin, RNA-binding protein with multiple splicing (RBPMS), α-spectrin breakdown products [SBDPs]), and untargeted proteomics for exploratory mechanistic granularity assessment. Main Outcome Measures: Pattern electroretinogram (PERG), IOP, flash ERG (FERG), and photopic negative response amplitudes as well as ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness. Results: At T8, IOP was 11.5 ± 1.4 mmHg in WIN compared to 22.0 ± 2.0 mmHg in UN and 21.7 ± 2.3 mmHg in RIM ( Conclusions: Topical WIN 1% transiently lowers IOP, preserves retinal ganglion cell function, and attenuates structural and molecular degeneration in a seemingly cannabinoid receptor 1-dependent and IOP-independent fashion, thus representing a promising neuroprotective strategy for glaucoma. Financial Disclosures: Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.

Indexed as

ElectroretinographyEndocannabinoidsGlaucoma, Intraocular pressuresWIN 55 212 2 mesylate

Identifiers

PMID41140902
PMCPMC12548100

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.