Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41140716›Full record

ArticleJournal of the Endocrine Society2025

Methadone Maintenance Treatment, Sex Hormones, and Bone Mineral Density in Persons Who Inject Drugs.

Leen Wehbeh, Hsing-Yu Hsu, Jenny Pena Dias, Kendall F Moseley, Susan Langan, Yutong Jiang, Damani A Piggott, Gregory D Kirk, Adrian S Dobs, Todd T Brown and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Leen WehbehDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6045-0706
Hsing-Yu HsuBloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Jenny Pena DiasDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Kendall F MoseleyDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2500-2312
Susan LanganBloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Yutong JiangBloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Damani A PiggottDivision of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Gregory D KirkBloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-1405
Adrian S DobsDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Todd T BrownDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8599-278X
Jing SunBloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3741-0962

Funding

The AIDS Linked to the Intravenous Experience (ALIVE) StudyU01DA036297 · NIDA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Gregory D Kirk, Shruti H Mehta · 2014 to 2026
$28.9M
Collaboration on HIV and AgingResearch through the Study of MitochondriaK01AI162247 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Jing Sun · 2022 to 2026
$677k
NIAID NIH HHS K01 AI162247NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA036297
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Context: Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) has been used to treat opioid use disorder, but is associated with bone loss. Sex hormones may mediate this relationship, though studies are limited. Objective: This work aimed to assess the relationships among bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, sex hormones, and MMT among individuals who inject drugs. Methods: We included study participants from the AIDS Linked to the Intravenous Experience (ALIVE) cohort. We performed multivariable linear regression to assess the association of MMT with BMD T-scores (lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck) in men and women. We further assessed whether sex hormones estradiol (E2) and free testosterone (free T) influenced the association between MMT and BMD in men and women. We controlled for age, sex, body mass index, smoking and heavy alcohol use (≥3 times per week), HIV status and/or hepatitis C virus viremia, vitamin D level, and heroin use. Results: Among 245 participants (153 men; 92 women), 107 were receiving MMT. Men undergoing MMT were more likely to have a low free T level compared to men not receiving MMT (odds ratio, 3.99; 95% CI, 1.40-11.39; Conclusion: Among men who inject drugs, MMT may contribute to decreased BMD, potentially through decreased levels of free T and total E2.

Indexed as

bone mineral densityestradiolheroinmethadonetestosterone

Identifiers

PMID41140716
PMCPMC12547197

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.