ArticleThe Plant cell2025
Targeted genetic manipulation and yeast-like evolutionary genomics in the green alga Auxenochlorella.
Article in The Plant cell, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- The algal homolog of the plant CER1 and CER3 proteins is a bifunctional hydrocarbon-forming enzyme.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- The hidden life of unicellular red algae: discovery of a common sexual cycle unlocks a model lineage for eukaryotic evolution.The Plant cell · 2026Article
- Bioengineered algal lipids enriched in structured medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols, linoleate, andbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Genomic and transcriptomic basis of morphological and life cycle diversity in the prasinophyte alga Pseudoscourfieldia marina.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Auxenochlorella: the green algal reference we've been waiting for.The Plant cell · 2025Article
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Abstract
Auxenochlorella spp. are diploid oleaginous green algae whose streamlined genomes can be readily manipulated by homologous recombination, making them highly amenable to discovery research and bioengineering. Vegetatively diploid organisms experience specific evolutionary phenomena, including allodiploid hybridization, mitotic recombination, loss-of-heterozygosity, and aneuploidy; however, studies of these forces have largely focused on yeasts. Here, we present a telomere-to-telomere phased diploid genome assembly of Auxenochlorella UTEX 250-A (haploid length 22 Mb) and introduce a genetic toolkit for site-specific manipulation of the nuclear genome in multiple strains, featuring several selectable markers, inducible promoters, and fluorescent reporters for protein localization. UTEX 250-A is an allodiploid hybrid of Auxenochlorella protothecoides and Auxenochlorella symbiontica, two species differentiated by extensive chromosomal rearrangements. UTEX 250-A haplotypes are a mosaic of each parental species following mitotic recombination, and two chromosomes are trisomic. Loss-of-heterozygosity events are pervasive across Auxenochlorella and can evolve rapidly in the laboratory. High-quality structural annotation yielded ∼7,500 genes per haplotype. Auxenochlorella have experienced gene family loss and reduction, including core photosynthesis genes, and exhibit periodic adenine and cytosine methylation at promoters and gene bodies, respectively. Approximately 10% of genes, especially those involved in DNA repair and sex, overlap antisense long noncoding RNAs, which may participate in a regulatory mechanism. We demonstrate the utility of Auxenochlorella for fundamental research by knockout of a chlorophyll biosynthesis enzyme, and confirm one trisomy by allele-specific transformation. These results demonstrate the generality of several evolutionary forces associated with vegetative diploidy and provide a foundation for the use of Auxenochlorella as a reference organism.
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