Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41139319›Full record

ArticleBiotechnology and bioengineering2026

Application of Dual Virus Spike Approach to Accelerate Early-Stage Viral Clearance Studies.

Heather Bethea Horne, Thomas B Lindsey, Leslie S Wolfe, Symya Chumbris, Matthew Dickson, Akunna Iheanacho

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biotechnology and bioengineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Heather Bethea HorneKBI Biopharma, Process Development, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Thomas B LindseyKBI Biopharma, Process Development, Durham, North Carolina, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-5811-0368
Leslie S WolfeKBI Biopharma, Process Development, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Symya ChumbrisTexcell North America, Viral Clearance Services, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Matthew DicksonTexcell North America, Viral Clearance Services, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Akunna IheanachoTexcell North America, Viral Clearance Services, Frederick, Maryland, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biotechnology products derived from cell lines carry a risk of viral infection. Given this potential risk, an assessment of the virus removal/inactivation that can be achieved by a product's established purification process is required per ICH Q5A guidelines. This viral safety assessment is a critical component of filing an investigational new drug (IND) application for an early-stage product. A viral clearance study must evaluate purification steps in a manufacturing process that are effective in inactivating/removing viruses. The traditional approach to viral clearance studies includes spiking in one virus at a time and quantifying the level of reduction of individual virus by a validated assay for that virus. This paper discusses an approach to spiking in multiple viruses in the same load and quantifying clearance in virus-specific assays to help accelerate the timeline to IND filing for an early-stage product while also reducing support and material requirements for executing viral clearance studies.

Indexed as

VirusesVirus InactivationAnimalsCell LineHumanschinese hamster ovaryretrovirusviral clearance

Identifiers

PMID41139319
PMCPMC12699101

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.