ArticleLasers in surgery and medicine2025
Does Duty Cycle Modification Affect Temperature During Thulium Fiber Laser Lithotripsy?
Article in Lasers in surgery and medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Does Duty Cycle Modification Affect Temperature During Thulium Fiber Laser Lithotripsy?Lasers in surgery and medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesAlthough the thulium fiber laser (TFL, 1940 nm) efficiently fragments stones, concerns have been raised regarding heat production. Recently, a TFL with a modified duty cycle (MDC) was designed to reduce heat generation. The purpose of this study was to compare heat generation between the MDC and conventional TFL.
methodsTen millimeter BegoStone phantoms were placed in the proximal ureter of a kidney and ureter model. The model was submerged in a 35°C saline bath, with continuous saline irrigation (22°C) maintained at 15 mL/min through a ureteroscope. Temperature was measured using a needle thermocouple. Five trials of 60 s continuous laser activation were performed for each power setting: 3 W (0.3 J/10 Hz), 10 W (1 J/10 Hz), 20 W (1 J/20 Hz) and 30 W (0.6 J/50 Hz). Thermal dose was calculated as cumulative equivalent minutes at 43°C (CEM₄₃; injury threshold> 20). Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis with p < 0.05 being significant.
resultsBoth lasers produced maximum temperatures (T
conclusionsThe MDC TFL generated lower temperatures at 10, 20, and 30 W. Future studies are necessary to evaluate stone fragmentation efficiency of the MDC TFL.
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