ArticleSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2025
The complex association between sleep duration and mental and physical health: are we missing circadian preferences?
Article in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
purposeNon-linear associations between sleep duration and health outcomes are well-documented, but the role of circadian timing in these relationships remains scantly explored. This study examined linear and non-linear associations between self-reported sleep duration and mental and physical health-related quality of life in Italian university students, accounting for the moderating effect of bedtime.
methodsA total of 1,234 students (mean age 23.3 ± 2.5 years; 87.3% women) responded to an online survey that included standardized measures of sleep quality, sleep timing, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Multiple regression models including quadratic and cubic terms and interactions were used to investigate linear and non-linear associations between sleep and circadian timing preferences and mental and physical HRQoL.
resultsLater bedtimes were independently associated with lower mental HRQoL (β = -0.10, p < .001). In early sleepers, mental HRQoL showed an inverted U-shaped association with sleep duration, with poorer outcomes at short and long durations. For physical HRQoL, a U-shaped quadratic effect of sleep duration was observed (β = -0.10, p = .007), independent of bedtime.
conclusionThese preliminary findings support the integration of circadian variables into sleep-health models using accessible self-report measures.
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