Observational studyAdvances in therapy2025
Real-World Persistence in Adults with HIV and Mental Health or Substance Use Disorders After Restarting Antiretroviral Therapy in the United States.
Observational study in Advances in therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Antiretroviral therapy switch among Medicare beneficiaries with HIV.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- Antiretroviral therapy persistence among treatment-experienced people with HIV and mental health disorders and/or substance use disorders in the USA (2017-2024): a retrospective cohort study.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2026Article
- Antiretroviral Treatment Switch Among Treatment-Experienced People with HIV.Journal of health economics and outcomes research · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionLifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) persistence prevents the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related illnesses and reduces HIV transmission. People with HIV who have a mental health disorder or substance use disorder (PWH-MHD/SUD) often face persistence challenges. This real-world study compared ART persistence among PWH-MHD/SUD who restarted various ART regimens after a treatment interruption.
methodsThis observational, retrospective cohort study analyzed US claims data from the HealthVerity Marketplace from January 2015 through February 2024. PWH aged ≥ 18 years who restarted the same ART regimen they had previously discontinued for > 90 days were included. The population of PWH-MHD/SUD was analyzed. Pairwise comparisons were conducted for those who received bictegravir (B)/emtricitabine (F)/tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) versus dolutegravir (DTG)/lamivudine (3TC), DTG/abacavir (ABC)/3TC, and DTG-based multitablet regimens [MTRs; i.e., DTG + F/TAF or DTG + F/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)]. Baseline characteristics were balanced using inverse probability of treatment weighting. Time to nonpersistence (i.e., ART regimen discontinuation or switching) was depicted using Kaplan-Meier plots. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using weighted Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsAmong all the PWH who restarted a previously discontinued ART regimen (n = 20,623), 43.4% had an MHD or SUD. Compared with PWH-MHD/SUD who received B/F/TAF, those receiving DTG/ABC/3TC and DTG-based MTRs were significantly more likely to be nonpersistent [weighted HR (95% CI) 1.18 (1.09-1.29) and 1.19 (1.06-1.34), respectively], while there was no significant difference for those receiving DTG/3TC. Compared with those receiving B/F/TAF, the risk of switching was significantly higher for PWH-MHD/SUD receiving DTG/3TC, DTG/ABC/3TC, or a DTG-based MTR [weighted HR (95% CI) 1.68 (1.08-2.63), 2.67 (2.23-3.19), and 2.88 (2.32-3.58), respectively]. These results were generally consistent among the broader population of restarters.
conclusionFor PWH-MHD/SUD who restarted ART after a treatment interruption, B/F/TAF was associated with longer persistence and the lowest risk of switch compared with other guideline-recommended therapies.
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