SynthesisBMC neurology2025
Therapeutic hypothermia in patients with traumatic brain injury: an umbrella review.
Synthesis in BMC neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Future Directions and Evolution Strategies for the Clinical Management of Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTherapeutic hypothermia (TH) is an intervention conducted to reduce brain damage in neonatal asphyxia and postcardiac arrest patients. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) dysregulates cerebral blood flow and causes ischemic brain damage. TH could lower brain damage by reducing the metabolism rate and need for oxygen. In this umbrella review, we aim to investigate different aspects of TH intervention in TBI patients.
methodsWe searched MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Cinahl, Epistemonikos, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for relevant systematic reviews until August 03, 2025. Then, studies entered the screening process, and systematic reviews of TH`s effect on TBI patients were included. We excluded studies without any quality assessments. Data for mortality, favorable and unfavorable neurologic outcomes, and possible complications of TH were extracted from the included studies. We avoided meta-analysis due to the vast heterogeneity between the studies' methodologies.
resultsOf the 1466 studies identified from the primary search, 30 met our inclusion criteria. According to the JBI critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews, 29 studies were of high quality, and 1 was of medium quality. Studies had different methodologies, such as different induction methods and durations, different age groups, target temperatures, and rewarming rates. Mortality was the most common outcome assessed by the studies. Morbidity was assessed as either favorable or unfavorable neurological outcomes at a follow-up of 1,3,6,12,24 months. Pneumonia was the most investigated side-effect of TH, and most studies reported a greater chance of pneumonia in the TH group. Other investigated complications of TH were electrolyte abnormalities, coagulopathy, and arrhythmia.
conclusionStudies have shown controversial results regarding the effect of TH on mortality and morbidity. Differences in the target population, hypothermia protocol, and quality of included studies may be responsible for part of this controversy. Some of the important parameters that may affect the results are the age of TBI patients, the use of barbiturates, target TH temperature, rewarming rates, and method of cooling. Additionally, the subgroup analysis of high-quality studies differed from the pooled analysis provided by each study. More high-quality studies with specific protocols are needed to better understand TH's role in TBI patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.