ArticleInternational microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology2025
Selection of indigenous bacterial strains having the ability to promote plant growth and control root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. on Malabar spinach in Vietnam.
Article in International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Malabar spinach (Basella alba L.) is a widely consumed leafy vegetable in Vietnamese daily meals. It has a short growth cycle but is susceptible to various diseases, of which the nematode Meloidogyne spp. is a significant factor causing yield reduction. This study focused on finding native plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria that can control root-knot nematodes and stimulate plant growth. The results isolated and selected Bacillus velezensis BHMT4.1, Staphylococcus carnosus CCMT2.1, and Pseudomonas fluorescens HMMT1.1, which showed promise in controlling Meloidogyne spp. in Malabar spinach and promoting plant growth. In the in vitro experiment, the B. velezensis BHMT4.1 strain caused the highest immobilization of J2 with 68.67%, followed closely by the P. fluorescens HMMT1.1 strain with 66.67%. The S. carnosus CCMT2.1 strain inhibited nematode egg hatching after 7 days, achieving a rate of 42.67%, while B. velezensis HMMT1.1 reached 44%. In addition, the B. velezensis BHMT4.1 strain demonstrated the best ability to produce siderophores on CAS agar after 48 h. The P. fluorescens HMMT1.1 strain exhibited the highest nitrogen fixation ability after 3 days of culture on the NFb medium. In greenhouse trials, Malabar spinach was inoculated with the S. carnosus CCMT2.1, reducing the number of galls to 16.29% in comparison to the control, which stood at 91.88%. Additionally, the nematode density in the soil decreased to 45.20 individuals compared to the control of 66.66 individuals (nematodes/50 g soil) after 28 days. This study showed that native bacterial strains found in vegetable soil have the ability to enhance plant development and protect Malabar spinach from being attacked by Meloidogyne spp. The results suggest that these bacterial strains could be further developed into potential biopesticides to help reduce root-knot nematode damage. Additional field studies are necessary to assess how well these bacteria adapt to the rhizosphere ecosystem of vegetable plants.
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