Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41136603›Full record

ArticleNature biomedical engineering2025

Engineered thoracic spinal cord organoids for transplantation after spinal cord injury.

Yanjing Zhu, Ruiqi Huang, Liqun Yu, Zhibo Liu, Yuchen Liu, Wenyong Fan, Gufa Lin, Zhaojie Wang, Xiaolie He, Xu Xu and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  7. Journal of tissue engineering
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Yanjing Zhu *Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Ruiqi Huang *Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Liqun Yu *Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Zhibo LiuKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Yuchen LiuKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Wenyong FanKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Gufa LinKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Zhaojie WangKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Xiaolie HeKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Xu XuKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Bei MaKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Youwei ChenKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3298-8143
Yuxin BaiKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Jing LiKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Bairu ChenKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Liming ChengKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. limingcheng@tongji.edu.cn.
Rongrong ZhuKey Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. rrzhu@tongji.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3955-5965

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82202351National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82202702National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82271418National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82271419National Science Foundation of China | Major Research Plan 92468204
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Stem-cell-based neural tissue engineering and spinal cord organoids show promises for spinal cord injury repair. However, the native spinal cord presents cell heterogeneity and a stereotypical spatial structure that makes difficult their recapitulation within an organoid architecture, which requires an assembly encompassing cellular composition, segmental organization and dorsoventral features. Here we engineer a thoracic vertebral segment-specific spinal cord organoid (enTsOrg) model that can precisely match the transplantation site, establish synaptic connections and enhance in vivo neuroelectric conduction. The organoids are generated from fibroblasts-derived induced pluripotent stem cells and a layered double-hydroxide matrix in a basement membrane hydrogel (Matrigel). Grafted in a spinal cord injury mouse model, enTsOrg presents advanced maturation, functionalization and organized distribution of critical neuronal subtypes with thoracic segmental heterogeneity, including various motor neuron and interneuron subtypes, that serve essentially to restore motor functions. Transplantation of enTsOrg can restructure neural circuits in paralysed animals and restore hind-limb motor function. The robust neurological function and therapeutic efficacy of enTsOrg highlight a potential avenue for organoid designing for specific anatomical regions in neurological injury treatments.

Identifiers

PMID41136603

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.