Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41136465›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Diplexer based microwave sensor for noninvasive detection of sucrose and sorbitol in pharmaceutical syrups.

Seyed Abed Zonouri, Saeed Mehdipourbashi, Mazdak Rad Malekshahi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Seyed Abed ZonouriDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. a.zonoori@yahoo.com.
Saeed MehdipourbashiDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Mazdak Rad MalekshahiDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, a novel low-pass/band-pass diplexer-based microwave sensor is introduced for the first time as a high-sensitivity platform for the detection and quantification of sucrose and sorbitol concentrations in pharmaceutical syrups. The proposed sensor features a compact footprint of 13.1 mm × 15.84 mm and integrates two distinct filtering paths, each optimized for specific spectral ranges. The band-pass and low-pass filters are constructed using a combination of M-notch-shaped and semicircular-shaped resonators, with the latter enhanced by integrated spiral lines to reduce both physical dimensions and resonant frequency. This geometric optimization enables stronger field confinement and improved sensitivity. An equivalent lumped-element LC circuit model is also presented to accurately predict the resonators' behavior and validate the electromagnetic performance. The sensor's functionality was experimentally verified using three commercially available pharmaceutical syrups-Diphenhydramine, Guaifenesin, and Salbutamol-each with varying concentrations of sweetening agents. The sensor achieved a maximum sensitivity of 9312.5 MHz/(g mL

Indexed as

MicrowavesSorbitolSucrosePharmaceutical PreparationsPharmaceutical PreparationsSorbitolSucroseDielectric characterizationDiplexer based sensingMicrowave sensorPharmaceutical syrupSucrose and sorbitol detection

Identifiers

PMID41136465
PMCPMC12552428

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.