ArticleScientific reports2025
Environmental lag effects and clinical characteristics of pediatric human parainfluenza virus type 3 infections.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) is a major cause of severe pediatric respiratory infections in infants, but its association with meteorological factors is not fully understood. This study compared clinical features of HPIV3 and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections and used distributed lag nonlinear models (DLNMs) to identify environmental determinants of HPIV3 transmission. HPIV3 was most prevalent in infants, causing significantly less wheeze, tachypnea (both p < 0.001) and dyspnea (p = 0.044) than RSV. Seasonal prevalence showed a summer peak (46.4%) and a winter minimum (5.9%). High temperatures immediately increased the relative risk (RR) of HPIV3 (RR = 4.258, 95% CI 1.387-13.074), while low temperatures increased the RR after a four-month lag (RR = 3.958, 95% CI 1.858-8.430). PM10 exposure at 140 μg/m
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