ArticleScientific reports2025
The association between dietary insulin index and load with depression, anxiety and stress in university students: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mental disorders are considered as one of the most important concerns among university students, potentially impacting their quality of life and academic performance. Limited data are available regards the association between dietary insulin index (DII) and dietary insulin load (DIL) and mental disorders especially in university students. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between DII and DIL with depression, anxiety, and stress among students affiliated with Kashan University of Medical Sciences. This cross-sectional study included 330 university students from Kashan University of Medical Sciences in 2023. A validated Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) was applied to assess the mental health of participants. Dietary intakes were obtained using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ-117). Multivariable analyses were performed to adjust for potential confounding factors. P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Participants' mean age and BMI were 21.4 years and 22.8 kg/m
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.