Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41135884›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons2026

A novel immunoglobulin G- and immunoglobulin cleaving enzyme MG (IceMG), for antibody-mediated rejection.

Alessandro Martinino, Zishen Li, Timothy J Smith, Davide Schiliro, Zachary C Elmore, Janghoon Yoon, Emma Fatzaun, Rafaela Beloni, Victoria Zecchin Ferrara, Matthew Tunbridge and 12 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Alessandro MartininoDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Zishen LiDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Timothy J SmithDepartment of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Davide SchiliroDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Zachary C ElmoreDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Janghoon YoonDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Emma FatzaunDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Rafaela BeloniDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Victoria Zecchin FerraraDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Matthew TunbridgeDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Nagham BazziDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Kwan Wai FungDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Meghan HuDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Ashley DrabikDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Emma D MartinDepartment of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Ruoshui HuDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Mark OchoaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Shengli SongDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Annette M JacksonDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Stuart J KnechtleDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Electronic address: stuart.knechtle@duke.edu.
Aravind AsokanDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Electronic address: aravind.asokan@duke.edu.
Jean KwunDuke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Electronic address: jean.kwun@duke.edu.

Funding

Transplant Tolerance in Non-Human PrimatesU19AI051731 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO · PI ADAMS, ANDREW B · 2002 to 2022
$54.1M
The Risks and Opportunities of Homeostatic RepopulationU19AI131471 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Stuart Johnston Knechtle · 2017 to 2026
$30.4M
Determinants of AAV TropismR01HL089221 · NHLBI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Aravind Asokan · 2009 to 2026
$8.1M
Evolving Novel AAV Vectors for Gene Therapy to Cure HIVR01AI166969 · NIAID · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI ASOKAN, ARAVIND, SACHA, JONAH B. · 2022 to 2025
$4.9M
Immunomodulation in AAV gene therapyR01AI194953 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI ASOKAN, ARAVIND · 2025 to 2025
$3.2M
Overcoming humoral rejection after xenotransplantation in sensitized nonhuman primate recipientsR01AI175411 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Jean Kwun · 2023 to 2026
$3.2M
Genetic engineering of kidney allografts by ex vivo perfusion delivery of adeno-associated viral vectorsU01AI170064 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Aravind Asokan, Andrew Serghios Barbas · 2022 to 2026
$2.4M
Simultaneous Targeting of Immunoglobulin G and M Using Endopeptidase for Humoral Rejection in XenotransplantationR21AI188089 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI KWUN, JEAN · 2025 to 2025
$444k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL089221NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI166969NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI175411NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI194953NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI188089NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI170064NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI051731NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI131471
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antibody-mediated rejection remains a significant barrier to successful outcomes in both allotransplantation and xenotransplantation. In this study, we investigate the efficacy of a novel recombinant endopeptidase, IceMG, which simultaneously cleaves immunoglobulin (Ig)G) and IgM in rhesus macaques sensitized by sequential skin transplantations. A single intravenous dose of IceMG (2 mg/kg) induced a significant but transient reduction in total IgG and IgM levels. Alloreactive and xenoreactive IgG and IgM, measured by T cell and B cell flow crossmatch assays, also reduced significantly but returned to baseline within 2 weeks. Using a pathogen-specific multiplexed reporter cell panel, nonhuman primates showed a reduction in IgG and IgM responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antigens, including the spike protein, RBD-SD1, and S2 domain antigens, following IceMG treatment. Repeated IceMG treatment produced consistent depletion and reconstitution of IgG and IgM kinetics. IceMG also led to a significant yet temporary decrease in IgM

Indexed as

Graft RejectionImmunoglobulin GImmunoglobulin MIsoantibodiesSkin TransplantationAnimalsB-LymphocytesMacaca mulattaSARS-CoV-2Immunoglobulin GImmunoglobulin MIsoantibodiesendopeptidaseIgGIgMkidney transplantationRhesusxenoantibodyxenotransplantation

Identifiers

PMID41135884
PMCPMC12580909

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.