Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41135811›Full record

ArticleContemporary clinical trials2025

Protocol for a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a technology-assisted motivational interviewing (TAMI) chatbot on smoking cessation.

Brian Borsari, Meredith C Meacham, Ahson Saiyed, Tatyana Kanzaveli, Maksim Tsvetovat, Jing Cheng, Anita S Hargrave-Bouagnon, Isaac A Mirzadegan, Faris Omeragic, John Layton and 1 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in Contemporary clinical trials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06713603 (Technology Assisted Motivational Interviewing Randomized Controlled Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06713603 narecruitingnot on this map

Technology Assisted Motivational Interviewing Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2025 to 2027Enrolled440ConditionsSmoking, Smoking CessationArmsTAMI Coach
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Brian BorsariSan Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St., San Francisco, CA 94121, United States; University of California, San Francisco, Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States. Electronic address: brian.borsari@va.gov.
Meredith C MeachamUniversity of California, San Francisco, Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
Ahson SaiyedOpen Health Network, 3100 Clarendon Blvd, Arlington, VA 22201,United States.
Tatyana KanzaveliOpen Health Network, 3100 Clarendon Blvd, Arlington, VA 22201,United States.
Maksim TsvetovatOpen Health Network, 3100 Clarendon Blvd, Arlington, VA 22201,United States.
Jing ChengUniversity of California, San Francisco, Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
Anita S Hargrave-BouagnonSan Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St., San Francisco, CA 94121, United States; University of California, San Francisco, Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
Isaac A MirzadeganSan Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St., San Francisco, CA 94121, United States; University of California, San Francisco, Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
Faris OmeragicUniversity of California, San Francisco, Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
John LaytonUniversity of California, San Francisco, Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
Jason SatterfieldUniversity of California, San Francisco, Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.

Funding

University of California, San Francisco/Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women’s Health (BIRCWH) K12 ProgramK12AR084219 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Monica Gandhi, CYNTHIA C HARPER · 2023 to 2026
$3.1M
NIAMS NIH HHS K12 AR084219
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe current project builds on our successful pilot work to develop a Technology-Assisted Motivational Interviewing (TAMI) chatbot and tobacco smoking cessation coach. TAMI is a highly scalable and easily accessible digital-coaching intervention that promotes readiness to change, provides compelling and accessible smoking cessation tools, and develops a tailored quit plan addressing social barriers to treatment initiation and sustainment.

methodsThe TAMI chatbot and associated digital architecture were optimized prior to the RCT using generative AI and incorporating feedback from both patients and experts. The resulting "TAMI 2.0" to be used in the RCT further supports smoking cessation by adding a nested, second chatbot that delivers education about evidence-based cessation tools, and a third nested chatbot that builds patient self-efficacy. The effectiveness of TAMI 2.0 will be determined by a 6-month, parallel 2-arm RCT comparing TAMI 2.0 to enhanced usual care. Adults who smoke (Target N = 440) recruited from primary care clinics will be randomized to (1) TAMI 2.0 or (2) usual care (UC). The primary outcome will be biochemically verified 7-day point prevalence abstinence from tobacco at 6 months with a secondary, self-reported, timepoint at 3 months. Other outcomes will include changes in readiness for cessation, smoking reduction, cessation outcome expectancies, smoking self-efficacy, and treatment initiation and sustainment.

conclusionsIf TAMI 2.0 is found to be an effective smoking cessation tool, this fully automated, patient-centered chatbot could be scaled to all communities greatly improving reach and access. NCT# NCT06713603.

Indexed as

Motivational InterviewingSmoking CessationAdultFemaleGenerative Artificial IntelligenceHumansMaleMiddle AgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSelf EfficacyEcological momentary interventionmHealthMotivational interviewingNicotine

Identifiers

PMID41135811
PMCPMC13322068

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.