Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41133250›Full record

ArticleBMJ public health2025

Association between near visual display device usage and the eye's accommodation and vergence parameters: a cross-sectional study of high school children in Cape Coast, Ghana.

Charles Darko-Takyi, Thomas Welbeck Mills, Samuel Bert Boadi-Kusi, Michael Ntodie, Carl Halladay Abraham, Emmanuel Kwasi Abu, Sedinam Amewuzah, Emmanuel Essien, Bright Osei Wiafe, Stephen Ocansey

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in BMJ public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. [A population-based survey of myopia on primary school students in an administrative district, 2019 to 2024].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Charles Darko-TakyiOptometry and Vision Science, University of Cape Coast, College of Health and Allied Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8226-5912
Thomas Welbeck MillsOptometry and Vision Science, University of Cape Coast, College of Health and Allied Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Samuel Bert Boadi-KusiOptometry and Vision Science, University of Cape Coast, College of Health and Allied Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Michael NtodieOptometry and Vision Science, University of Cape Coast, College of Health and Allied Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Carl Halladay AbrahamOptometry and Vision Science, University of Cape Coast, College of Health and Allied Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Emmanuel Kwasi AbuOptometry and Vision Science, University of Cape Coast, College of Health and Allied Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Sedinam AmewuzahOptometry and Vision Science, University of Cape Coast, College of Health and Allied Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Emmanuel EssienOptometry and Vision Science, University of Cape Coast, College of Health and Allied Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Bright Osei WiafeOptometry and Vision Science, University of Cape Coast, College of Health and Allied Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8193-8959
Stephen OcanseyOptometry and Vision Science, University of Cape Coast, College of Health and Allied Sciences, Cape Coast, Ghana.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Understanding the link between near visual display device (NVDD) use and the parameters of the eye's accommodation and vergence (PEAV) can impact vision therapy and optometric advice. This study examined the relationship between the duration of NVDD use and PEAV among high school students in Cape Coast, Ghana. Methods: This school-based cross-sectional study employed multistage sampling to administer reliable questionnaires (on the frequency of NVDD usage, ergonomic factors and computer vision syndrome symptoms) to 326 high school students. The PEAV were assessed over maximum plus for the best-corrected visual acuity refractive correction. Results: The duration of usage of NVDD correlated with deteriorations in: measures of latent ocular squints (near heterophoria (r Conclusion: Using NVDD for more than two hours a day correlated with clinically significant deterioration in the PEAV.

Indexed as

Cross-Sectional StudieseducationPrimary PreventionPublic HealthPublic Health Practice

Identifiers

PMID41133250
PMCPMC12542713

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.