Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41132728›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in oncology2025

An implantable, intracerebral osmotic pump for convection-enhanced drug delivery in glioblastoma multiforme.

Reed Berlet, Azur Azapagic, Neilank K Jha, Daniil Aksenov, Jade Bookwalter, Ata Ullah, George Bobustuc, John Lee, Himanshu Sant, John McDaid and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Reed BerletDepartment of Neurosurgery, Endeavor Health, Evanston, IL, United States.
Azur AzapagicDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
Neilank K JhaDeep Brain BCI Corp., Wilmington, DE, United States.
Daniil AksenovDepartment of Radiology, Endeavor Health, Evanston, IL, United States.
Jade BookwalterDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
Ata UllahDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
George BobustucIntent Medical Group, Endeavor Health Advanced Neurosciences Institute, Arlington Heights, IL, United States.
John LeeDepartment of Pathology, Endeavor Health, Evanston, IL, United States.
Himanshu SantDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
John McDaidDepartment of Neurosurgery, Endeavor Health, Evanston, IL, United States.
Matthew WalkerDepartment of Radiology, Endeavor Health, Evanston, IL, United States.
Jill SheaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
Dylan GraffDeep Brain BCI Corp., Wilmington, DE, United States.
Ann K BarlowResearch Institute, Endeavor Health, Evanston, IL, United States.
Roberta FrigerioResearch Institute, Endeavor Health, Evanston, IL, United States.
Daniel AlieeDeep Brain BCI Corp., Wilmington, DE, United States.
Clint BailesCollege of Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States.
Bruce K GaleDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
Julian E BailesDepartment of Neurosurgery, Endeavor Health, Evanston, IL, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM; WHO Grade 4) is an aggressive brain tumor that invariably recurs after surgical resection, chemoradiation, and adjuvant chemotherapy. Treatment is limited, in part, because the blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts entry of chemotherapeutic agents to the brain. Introducing drugs directly into the brain circumvents the BBB, but diffusion of these typically large drug molecules within brain parenchyma is limited. Convection-enhanced delivery (CED), based on the principles of bulk flow, can achieve drug distribution over a wider area to target residual cancer cells and thus remains a promising technique for treating GBM and other neuro-oncologic pathologies. Here, we propose a new method that combines direct brain delivery and CED using a fully implantable, microfluidic pump placed at the time of initial resection surgery. Methods: In this initial proof-of-concept study, we evaluated the function of a 3D-printed pump in an Results: Conclusion: This preliminary study demonstrated the feasibility of using an implantable, osmosis-driven pump to bypass the BBB and provide targeted delivery for treatment of GBM.

Indexed as

blood-brain barrierbrain implantconvection-enhanced deliveryglioblastomaosmotic pump

Identifiers

PMID41132728
PMCPMC12540145

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.