Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41131662›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2025

Burden of psychiatric disease inversely correlates with Alzheimer's age at onset.

Emily Eijansantos, Isabel E Allen, Jessica de Leon, Stephanie Grasso, Nicole Rogers, Rian Bogley, Andrew Paramo, Alexander J Ehrenberg, Maxime Montembeault, Virginia Sturm and 11 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Observational
  4. Response to rethinking Alzheimer's disease susceptibility and heterogeneity. Comment on Miller et al.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  5. Burden of psychiatric disease inversely correlates with Alzheimer's age at onset.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Emily EijansantosDepartment of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Isabel E AllenDepartment of Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Jessica de LeonMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Stephanie GrassoDepartment of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA.
Nicole RogersGlobal Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Rian BogleyMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Andrew ParamoDepartment of Psychiatry, NSU Orlando VA Healthcare System, Orlando, Florida, USA.
Alexander J EhrenbergDepartment of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Maxime MontembeaultDepartment of Psychiatry, McGill University & Douglas Research Centre, Verdun, QC, Canada.
Virginia SturmMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Salvatore SpinaMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Lea T GrinbergMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
William W SeeleyMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Katherine P RankinMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Joel H KramerMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Howard J RosenMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Gil D RabinoviciMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Maria Luisa Gorno-TempiniMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Bruce L MillerMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
David C PerryMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Zachary A MillerMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5991-3053

Funding

TDP-43 Loss-of-Function: Biology to BiomarkersP01AG019724 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Jennifer Merrilees · 2002 to 2026
$67.2M
National Alzheimer's Coordinating CenterU24AG072122 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI STEPHENS, KARI A · 2021 to 2025
$45.8M
Research Education ComponentP30AG062422 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Serggio Carlo Lanata · 2019 to 2026
$36.9M
Research Education ComponentP30AG062421 · NIA · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BRADFORD C DICKERSON · 2019 to 2026
$36.5M
UCSD Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center P30P30AG062429 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Steven Dyal Edland · 2019 to 2026
$34.9M
Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterP30AG062715 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI AMY J. KIND · 2019 to 2026
$34.5M
Research Education ComponentP30AG062677 · NIA · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI Walter K. Kremers · 2019 to 2026
$33.5M
Research Education ComponentP30AG066514 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI NIKOLAOS K ROBAKIS · 2020 to 2026
$31.0M
Yale Alzheimer Disease Research CenterP30AG066508 · NIA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI STEPHEN M STRITTMATTER · 2020 to 2026
$30.2M
Research Education CoreP30AG066462 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Andrew Franklin Teich · 2020 to 2026
$30.1M
Research Education ComponentP30AG066468 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI HOWARD J AIZENSTEIN · 2020 to 2026
$29.4M
Research Education ComponentP30AG066507 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Corinne Pettigrew · 2020 to 2026
$29.3M
Hellman Research Scientist AwardNIA/NIH AG019724NIA/NIH AG023501NIA/NIH AG045611NIA/NIH AG048291NIA/NIH AG052648NIA/NIH AG053435NIA/NIH AG062422NIA/NIH AG080396NIA NIH HHS K08 AG052648NIA NIH HHS K23 AG048291NIA NIH HHS K24 AG053435NIA NIH HHS P01 AG019724NIA NIH HHS P20 AG068082NIA NIH HHS P30 AG062421NIA NIH HHS P30 AG062422NIA NIH HHS P30 AG062429NIA NIH HHS P30 AG062677NIA NIH HHS P30 AG062715NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066444NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066462NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066468NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066506NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066507NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066508NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066509NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066511NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066512NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066514NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066515NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066518NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066519NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066530NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066546NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072931NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072946NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072947NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072958NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072959NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072972NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072973NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072975NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072976NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072977NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072978NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072979NIA NIH HHS P30 AG086401NIA NIH HHS P30 AG086404NIA NIH HHS P50 AG023501NIA NIH HHS R01 AG045611NIA NIH HHS R01 AG060477NIA NIH HHS R01 AG062758NIA NIH HHS R01 AG079280NIA NIH HHS R01 AG080396NIA NIH HHS R01 AG080470NIA NIH HHS U24 AG072122NIDCD/NIH DC015544NIDCD/NIH DC018021NIDCD NIH HHS K23 DC018021NIDCD NIH HHS K24 DC015544NINDS/NIH NS050915NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS050915NINDS NIH HHS R56 NS050915NINDS NIH HHS RF1 NS050915the Arking Foundation for Frontotemporal Dementiathe UCSF
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDepression is regarded as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Associations between AD and other psychiatric disorders are less clear.

methodsWe screened 1,500 AD UCSF Memory and Aging Center patients for prevalence of psychiatric disorders and compared results to 8,267 NACC AD participants.

resultsAD with depression, anxiety, or post-traumatic stress disorder were significantly younger at age at onset than AD without (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.05). Comorbidity of depression, anxiety and PTSD led to further decreases in AD age at onset. Within the NACC cohort, we further demonstrated an inverse relationship between the severity of depression and anxiety symptoms and AD age at onset. DISCUSSION: Depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder are inversely associated with AD age at onset. Age at onset further decreases with increasing number of psychiatric conditions and increasing severity of symptoms, suggesting that overall burden of psychiatric disease is highly relevant to AD. HIGHLIGHTS: Retrospective chart review revealed that in patients with AD, those who also had depression, anxiety, or post-traumatic stress disorder were significantly younger at age at onset than those without. Increasing burden of psychiatric disease, both in severity of psychiatric symptoms and number of comorbid psychiatric conditions, produced serial decreases in the age at onset of AD. In patients with AD, those with depression were more likely to have autoimmune disease, and those with anxiety were more likely to have a history of seizures.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseMental DisordersAgedAged, 80 and overAge of OnsetAnxietyComorbidityDepressionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticAlzheimer's diseaseanxietybipolar disorderdepressionearly onset Alzheimer's diseasepost‐traumatic stress disorderpsychiatric diseaseschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID41131662
PMCPMC12549220

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.