Observational studyBMC infectious diseases2025
Association between immunity and antimicrobial treatment resistance in patients with Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease: a multicenter observational study.
Observational study in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) is a refractory infectious disease, with a low success rate of the antimicrobial therapy. T cells and macrophages play a critical role in regulating the mechanism of immunity against mycobacterial infections. Although T cell dysfunction may be associated with treatment failure in MAC-PD, supporting evidence is scarce. This study aimed to elucidate the immunological characteristics of patients with refractory MAC-PD, focusing on immunosuppression and T cell exhaustion.
methodsPatients with MAC-PD who received standard antimicrobial therapy for at least 12 months were enrolled and classified into treatment success or failure groups. Flow cytometry was used to investigate CD4
resultsThis study involved 41 patients, including 21 and 20 in the treatment success and failure groups, respectively. Patients with MAC-PD had higher expression of co-inhibitory molecules, including PD-1 and TIM-3, as well as CD160, LAG-3, and 2B4, on CD4
conclusionsThe effector functions of CD4
trial registrationThis study was registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network of Japan (registration number: UMIN000043426, registration date: March 1, 2021).
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