Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41129488›Full record

ReviewPLOS digital health2025

Eliminating the AI digital divide by building local capacity.

Freya Gulamali, Jee Young Kim, Kartik Pejavara, Ciera Thomas, Varoon Mathur, Zev Eigen, Mark Lifson, Manesh Patel, Keo Shaw, Danny Tobey and 37 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in PLOS digital health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Explainability in context: calibrating appropriate trust and reliance in artificial intelligence.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

47 authors.

Freya GulamaliDuke Institute for Health Innovation, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.ORCID 0009-0008-5404-6406
Jee Young KimDuke Institute for Health Innovation, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0003-4850-9757
Kartik PejavaraDuke Institute for Health Innovation, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
Ciera ThomasDuke Institute for Health Innovation, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0001-6369-7579
Varoon MathurDuke Institute for Health Innovation, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
Zev EigenDLA Piper, United States of America.
Mark LifsonMayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America.
Manesh PatelDuke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
Keo ShawBaker McKenzie, United States of America.
Danny TobeyDLA Piper, United States of America.
Alexandra ValladaresNorth Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
David VidalMayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America.
Jared AugensteinManatt Health, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
Ashley BeecyNewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, United States of America.
Sofi BergkvistCenter for Care Innovations, Oakland, California, United States of America.
Michael BurnsUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0002-5474-705X
Michael DraugelisGeisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
Jesse M EhrenfeldMedical College of Wisconsin, Milwaulkee, Wisconsin, United States of America.
Patricia HenwoodJefferson Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
Tonya JagneauxFranciscan Missionaries of Our Lady Health System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America.
Morgan JeffriesGeisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
Christopher KhouryAmerican Medical Association, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
Frank J LiaoUW Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0002-7577-7530
Vincent X LiuKaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States of America.
Chris LonghurstUC San Diego Health, San Diego, California, United States of America.
Dominic MackMorehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
Thomas M MaddoxWashington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
David McSwainUNC Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.
Steve MiffParkland Center for Clinical Innovation, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.
Corey MillerEpic, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
Sara G MurrayUCSF Health, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
Brian W PattersonUW Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
Philip PayneWashington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
W Nicholson Price IiUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.
Ram RimalUNC Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.
Michael J SheppardUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.
Karandeep SinghUC San Diego Health, San Diego, California, United States of America.
Abdoul SossehEmory Health, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
Jennifer StollOCHIN, Portland, Oregon, United States of America.
Corinne StroumSCAN Health Plan, Long Beach, California, United States of America.
Yasir TarabichiMetroHealth, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.
Sylvia TrujilloOCHIN, Portland, Oregon, United States of America.
Ladd WileyEpic, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
Alifia HasanDuke Institute for Health Innovation, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
Joan S KpodzroDuke Institute for Health Innovation, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
Suresh BaluDuke Institute for Health Innovation, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
Mark P SendakDuke Institute for Health Innovation, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0001-5828-4497

Funding

Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of Northern Ohio, Catalyzing Linkages to Equity in Health (CLE Health)UM1TR004528 · NCATS · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI GRACE A MCCOMSEY · 2023 to 2026
$32.1M
NCATS NIH HHS UM1 TR004528
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over the past few years, health delivery organizations (HDOs) have been adopting and integrating AI tools, including clinical tools for tasks like predicting risk of inpatient mortality and operational tools for clinical documentation, scheduling and revenue cycle management, to fulfill the quintuple aim. The expertise and resources to do so is often concentrated in academic medical centers, leaving patients and providers in lower-resource settings unable to fully realize the benefits of AI tools. There is a growing divide in HDO ability to conduct AI product lifecycle management, due to a gap in resources and capabilities (e.g., technical expertise, funding, data infrastructure) to do so. In previous technological shifts in the United States including electronic health record and telehealth adoption, there were similar disparities in rates of adoption between higher and lower-resource settings. The government responded to these disparities successfully by creating centers of excellence to provide technical assistance to HDOs in rural and underserved communities. Similarly, a hub-and-spoke network, connecting HDOs with technical, regulatory, and legal support services from vendors, law firms, other HDOs with more AI capabilities, etc. can enable all settings to be well equipped to adopt AI tools. Health AI Partnership (HAIP) is a multi-stakeholder collaborative seeking to promote the safe and effective use of AI in healthcare. HAIP has launched a pilot program implementing a hub-and-spoke network, but targeted public investment is needed to enable capacity building nationwide. As more HDOs are striving to utilize AI tools to improve care delivery, federal and state governments should support the development of hub-and-spoke networks to promote widespread, meaningful adoption of AI across diverse settings. This effort requires coordination among all entities in the health AI ecosystem to ensure these tools are implemented safely and effectively and that all HDOs realize the benefits of these tools.

Identifiers

PMID41129488
PMCPMC12548875

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.